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Nervous System

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Nervous System TermAnswer
Nervous System The control system of the body
Stimulus Any internal or external change that brings about a response.
Types of External Stimuli Noise, light, the smell of food, and the temperature of the air.
Types of Internal stimuli Chemical substances such as hormones.
What are the two anatomical divisions of the nervous system? 1. Central Nervous System (CNS) 2. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS).
What does the CNS consist of? Brain, Spinal Cord
What does the PNS consist of? All of the nerves outside of the CNS, cranial nerves and spinal nerves.
What does the PNS connect? The brain and spinal cord to other body parts.
Name the three parts of the brain. 1. Brain stem 2. Cerebellum 3. Cerebrum
Cerebrum The largest part of the brain where thinking takes place, input fromsenses are interpreted and memory is stored.
Cerebellum Controls voluntary muscle movements, maintains muscle tone, and helps maintain balance.
Brain Stem Located at base of brain, controls involuntary actions such as heart beat, breathing and blood pressure.
Spinal Cord Carries signals from all parts of the body to the brain and from the brain to all parts of the body.
Vertebral column Protects the spinal cord
A severe blow to the head can result in.. Temporary or permanent loss of mental and physical abilities
Injury to the spine can result in.. Paralysis..a loss of muscle movement.
What are the basic functional units of the nervous system? Nerve cells or neurons.
How many neurons is the brain made up of? 100 billion neurons.
What is a nerve cell made up of? A cell body and branches called dendrites and axons.
What is a synapse? When there is communication between the dendrite of one nerve cell and the axon of another nerve cell.
What happens during a synapse? An impulse reaches the end of an axon and the axon releases a chemical, this chemical flows across the synapse and stimulates the impulse in the dendrite of the next neuron.
In what direction does an impulse move? Neurons are adapted so that they move in only one direction like a relay race with the baton represented the chemical at the synapse.
What is a reflex? An involuntary automatic response to a stimulus.
Can you control reflexes? Why? No, you cannot control reflexes because they occur before you know what has happened.
What does a reflex or reflex arc allow the body to do? It allows the body to respond without having to think about what action to take.
Where are reflex responses controlled? In you spinal cord, not your brain.
Why does the brain act after a reflex? The brain acts after a reflex to help you figure out what to do to make the pain stop.
Created by: jcarruth
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