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VUS.7 Questions
VUS.7 Essential Information on the Civil War and Reconstruction
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What basic issue divided the nation in 1860? | Slavery |
| Who wrote Uncle Tom’s Cabin and what impact did it have on society? | Harriet Beecher Stowe – it helped to spread the northern abolitionist sentiment |
| How did President James Buchanan believe the slavery issue should be settled? | He wanted the Supreme Court to decide |
| What was the decision in the Scott v. Sanford case? | The Supreme Court ruled that Scott was property and his master could take his property anywhere. It was a setback for the abolitionist movement. |
| What happened as a result of the election of 1860? | Lincoln was elected President and several Southern states seceded from the Union |
| Who was President of the United States during the Civil War? | Abraham Lincoln |
| Who was President of the Confederate States of America? | Jefferson Davis |
| Who was the Confederate General of the Army of Northern Virginia? | Robert E. Lee |
| If Lee opposed secession, why did he lead the Southern army? | He did not believe the Union should be held together by force |
| Who was the commanding general of the Union troops? | Ulysses S. Grant |
| Who was the former slave who urged Lincoln to recruit former slaves for the Union military? | Frederick Douglass |
| What anti-slavery newspaper did Frederick Douglass publish? | The North Star |
| What was the opening confrontation of the Civil War? | Fort Sumter |
| What important document was issued after the Battle of Antietam? | Emancipation Proclamation |
| Did the Emancipation Proclamation free the slaves in the United States? | No, it was a political move to end the war |
| Why was the Emancipation Proclamation important? | It made the destruction of slavery a northern war aim and it kept the British from entering the war on the side of the Confederates. |
| What battle was the turning point of the war? Why? | Gettysburg – Lee retreated into Virginia and never attacked on northern soil again |
| What was the main message in Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address? | The United States was one nation of the people, by the people and for the people |
| Where did Lee surrender to Grant? | Appomattox Court House |
| What did Lee encourage his troops to do after defeat? | He encouraged Southerners to accept defeat and unite as Americans again |
| According to Lincoln, why was the Civil War fought? | To fulfill the promise of the Declaration of Independence and was a “Second American Revolution”. He described a different vision for the United States from the one that had prevailed from the beginning of the Republic to the Civil War. |
| What was Lincoln’s view of Reconstruction? | It was a matter of quickly restoring legitimate state governments that were loyal to the Union in the Southern states. |
| Why did Lincoln believe that the governments in the South were illegitimate? | Secession was illegal and therefore the states had never really left the Union. |
| Did Lincoln believe the South should be punished? | No, in order to reunify the country, the South should not be punished. |
| Who said “ with malice towards none, with charity for all…to bind up the nation’s wounds…? | Lincoln |
| What enabled Radical Republicans to influence the process of Reconstruction? | The assassination of Lincoln |
| In what way was the Radical Republican’s plan for Reconstruction more punitive? | They did not allow the Southern states back in the Union right away and put them under military occupation |
| Did the Radical Republicans agree with Lincoln’s successor, President Andrew Johnson? | No, especially over the issue of civil rights for freed slaves. They impeached him but failed to remove him from office. |
| What were the three “Civil War Amendments”? | 13th Amendment: abolished slavery permanently 14th Amendment: states were prohibited from denying equal rights under the law to any American 15th Amendment: voting rights were guaranteed regardless of race color or previous condition of servitude |
| When and why did Reconstruction end? | After the election of 1876 – in return for support in the Electoral College vote from Southern Democrats, the Republicans agreed to end the military occupation of the South |
| What was the Compromise of 1877? | the compromise which ended Reconstruction |
| What were results of this compromise? | ended military occupation in the South; enabled former Confederates who controlled the Democratic Party to regain power; opened the door to the Jim Crow Era period in which Afri Americans in the South were denied the full rights of citizenship |
| Describe the South after the war. | farms, railroads and factories had been destroyed throughout the South Confederate money was worthless Richmond and Atlanta were in ruins the South had a backward agriculture-based economy and was the poorest section of the nation for many decades |
| Which areas emerged with growing industrial economies? | North and the Midwest |
| What impact did the completion of the Transcontinental Railroad have? | It intensified the westward movement of settlers into the states between the Mississippi River and the Pacific Ocean. |
| Describe Ulysses S. Grant’s leadership role after the Civil War. | He urged Congress not to be harsh on the former Confederates He became President and served during Reconstruction He advocated rights for the freedmen |
| Which leader emphasized education for the nation’s future? | Robert E. Lee – he became President of Washington College which later became Washington and Lee University |
| Describe Frederick Douglass’ leadership role after the Civil War. | He became a leading spokesman for African Americans He advocated for the passage of the 14th and 15th Amendments He encouraged the government to protect the rights of freedmen He worked in the civil service and became an ambassador to Haiti |
Created by:
jfleming
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