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VUS.6 Questions
VUS.6 Essential Information on Expansion & Reform 1788-1860
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| When did the first political parties emerge? | after George Washington’s second term |
| Why did political parties develop? | There were different views on economic and foreign affairs issues |
| Who were the leaders of the Federalists? | John Adams and Alexander Hamilton |
| What did the Federalists campaign for? | A strong nationals government and an industrial economy |
| Who supported the Federalists? | bankers and business interests in the Northeast |
| Who led the Democratic Republicans? | Thomas Jefferson |
| What did the Democratic Republicans campaign for? | They believed in a weak national government and an agricultural economy. |
| What groups supported the Democratic Republicans? | farmers, artisans and frontier settlers in the south |
| What is significant about the Election of 1800 and who won? | Thomas Jefferson and it was the first American presidential election in which power was peacefully transferred from one party to another. |
| Who purchased the Louisiana Territory and what impact did it have on the U.S.? | Thomas Jefferson – it doubled the size of the United States |
| Who was authorized to explore the new territories that lay west of the Mississippi River? | Lewis and Clark |
| Who was Sacajawea? | an Indian woman who served as their guide and translator |
| Who fought and who won the War of 1812? | Americans and the British – The Americans won. |
| Why did the United States go to war with Great Britain? | Great Britain interfered with U.S. shipping and they encouraged the Native Americans to resist the westward expansion |
| Which group opposed Mr. Madison’s War (War of 1812)? | Federalists |
| What was the result of the War of 1812? | America claimed the Oregon Territory and there was increased migration of American settlers into Florida, which was later acquired by treaty from Spain. |
| What was the Monroe Doctrine? | amer. continents shouldn't be used Hemisp. are diff from those of Europe, repub. rather than monarc U.S. see as a threat to its own peace; any attempt by Europe powers to impose their system on the West Hemisp The U.S. would not mess in Europes affairs |
| Why did the American settlers move westward into the Midwest, Southwest and Texas? | They were seeking economic opportunity in the form of land to own and farm |
| What helped the growth of an industrial economy and supported the westward movement of settlers? | the growth of railroads and canals |
| What invention led to the spread of the slavery-based “cotton kingdom” in the Deep South? | Eli Whitney’s cotton gin |
| What did migration into Texas eventually lead to? | an armed revolt against Mexican rule and included a famous battle at the Alamo in which a band of Texans fought to the last man against a vastly superior force |
| Who eventually won the war in Texas? | The Texans won over Mexican forces and subsequently brought Texas into the Union |
| What land was acquired in the American victory in the Mexican War during the 1840s? | California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona and parts of Colorado and New Mexico |
| What is Manifest Destiny? | the belief that America should expand from the Atlantic and Pacific |
| What provided political support for territorial expansion? | the policy of Manifest Destiny |
| What was the Trail of Tears? | several tribes were relocated from the Atlantic Coast states to Oklahoma |
| As the Americans moved west, what happened to the Indians? | They were removed from their ancestral homes and forced to move west or confined to reservations |
| How long did this treatment of the Indians last? | throughout the remainder of the 19th century as settlers continued to move west following the Civil War |
| Prior to the election of 1828, the majority of the American people were satisfied to elect which group of people? | the aristocrats |
| How did the number of eligible voters increase? | property qualifications were eliminated |
| How did this change with the election of 1828? | Americans began to see Americans as equals and were more eager to participate in the electoral process |
| Who was elected in 1828? | Andrew Jackson |
| In what ways did American politics change in the Age of the Common Man? | There was a heightened emphasis on equality in the electoral process for adult white men There was a rise in interest group politics and sectional issues There was a change in campaign styles There was increased voter participation |
| How did Jackson personify the democratic spirit? | He challenged the economic elite and rewarded campaign supporters with government jobs |
| What is the Spoils System? | a practice of using public offices to benefit members of the victorious party |
| What is Presidential veto? | power granted to the President to prevent passage of legislation |
| Why did Jackson veto the re-chartering of the bank in 1932? | He distrusted the bank as an undemocratic tool of the Eastern elite. |
| What was the Panic of 1837? | the economic situation that resulted from reckless speculation that led to bank failures and dissatisfaction with the use of state banks as depositories for public funds |
| When the Federalist Party disappeared, what two new political parties were organized in opposition to the Democrats? | The Whigs and the Know-Nothings |
| What type of economy did the Northern states have? | Industrial economy based on manufacturing |
| Why did they favor a high protective tariff? | to protect Northern manufacturers from foreign competition |
| What type of economy did the Southern states have? | agricultural economy consisting of slavery-based system of plantations in the lowlands along the Atlantic and in the Deep South, and small subsistence farmers in the foothills and valleys of the Appalachian Mountains |
| Why did the South oppose high tariffs? | it made the price of imported manufactured goods much more expensive |
| What issue threatened to tear the country apart? | slavery |
| Who lead the abolitionist movement in the North? | William Lloyd Garrison, publisher of The Liberator, an antislavery newspaper and many New England religious leaders who saw slavery as a violation of Christian principles |
| Who led the slave revolts in Virginia and what was effect of these revolts? | Nat Turner and Gabriel Prosser – they fed white Southern fears about slave rebellions and led to harsh laws in the South against fugitive slaves. Also, Southerners who favored abolition were intimidated into silence. |
| What issue dominated the admission of new states into the Union? | whether the new states would allow slavery |
| What was the Missouri Compromise? | 1820 – it drew an east-west line through the Louisiana Purchase, with slavery prohibited above the line and allowed below, except that slavery was allowed in Missouri which is north of the line |
| What is the Compromise of 1850? | California was admitted as a free state, while the new Southwestern territories acquired from Mexico would decide for themselves |
| What was the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854? | It repealed the Missouri Compromise line by giving the people in Kansas and Nebraska the choice whether to allow slavery in their states. |
| What was the result of the Kansas-Nebraska Act? | This law produced bloody fighting in Kansas as pro and anti slavery forces battled each other. It also gave rise to the birth of the Republican Party to oppose the spread of slavery. |
| What did Southerners say they could do to laws Congress passed which they didn’t like? | nullify them ex. Tariff of 1832 |
| How did Southerners justify the thought of leaving the nation? | states had entered the Union freely and could leave (secede) freely if they chose |
| How did President Jackson respond to the Nullification Crisis? | He threatened to send federal troops to collect the tariff revenues. |
| What was the Fugitive Slave Act? | required slaves who escaped to free states to be forcibly returned to their owners in the South |
| What reform movement took place at the same time of the abolitionist movement? | Women’s suffrage movement |
| Who led this movement? | Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony |
| What document was adopted at the Seneca Falls meeting in 1848? | The Declaration of Women’s Rights which included the right to vote. |
Created by:
jfleming
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