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BioMECH-Chapter 4-6
BIOMECH-Chapter 4-6
Word | Definition |
---|---|
stiffness | ability to resist |
cortical bone | compact mineralized bone with low porosity |
trabecular bone | less compact bone with high porosity |
Wolff's Law | the densities, and to a lesser extent, the sizes and shapes of bones are determined by the magnitude and direction of the acting forces |
synarthroses joints | immoveable |
sutures | in skull |
amphiarthroses joints | slightly moveable |
diathroses (synovial)joints | moveable |
gliding | non-axial (carpals, tarsals) |
hinge | biaxial (elbow) |
pivot | uniaxial (vertabrae) |
condyloid | biaxial (fingers) |
saddle | biaxial (thumb) |
ball and socket | triaxial (hip) |
active stretching | produced by active development of tension in the antagonist muscles |
passive stretching | produced by a force other than tension in the antagonist muscles |
parallel elastic component | passive elasticity derived from muscle membranes |
series elastic component | passive elasticity derived from tendons when a tensed muscle is stretched |
concentric | shortening |
eccentric | lengthening |
isometric | no change |