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soc real world ch 11
Sociology The Real World Stein Chapter 11
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| North Korea's government, which is ruled by a dictator that seeks to control every aspect of their people's lives, is an example of which type of government: | Totalitarianism |
| What is the term that describes conservative Christians who emphasize converting others to their faith? | Evangelical |
| Criminals who are unable to vote because states have laws preventing them from doing so are an example of potential voters who are: | disenfranchised. |
| What is referred to as the Fourth Estate of the government? | Media |
| According to a 2004 survey and the textbook, what is the top reason people give for not voting? | Vote does not matter |
| The regular practice of religious beliefs is called: | religiosity. |
| According to the textbook, the framers of the Constitution probably envisioned the primary function of the media to be to: | Serve as a watchdog of the government |
| Great Britain's government in which their remains official kings and queens but who have limited official power that is checked by an elected parliament is an example of which form of government: | Constitutional monarchy |
| The methods and tactics intended to influence government policy and policy-related attitudes and activities are called: | Politics |
| Public schools run by private entities to give parents greater control over their children's education are called: | Charter schools |
| The pluralist theory of power states that: | power is held by a variety of organizations and institutions. |
| The values or behaviors that students learn indirectly over the course of their schooling because of the educational system's structure and teaching methods is called: | the hidden curriculum. |
| The ability to impose one's will on others is called: | Power |
| Attendance at a religious service is an example of _______ religiosity. | Extrinsic |
| A greater percentage say that religion is very important to them than go to religious services once per week. t/f | true |
| The practice of emphasizing literal interpretation of religious texts and a "return" to a time of greater religious purity is called: | fundamentalism. |
| Symbolic objects, such as a cross or a statue of Buddha, that many religions consider to be divine or holy are examples of the: | Sacred |
| Some homeschooled children are enrolled in regular schools part-time or share instruction with other families, but most of their education takes place at home. t/f | True |
| A society that separates church and state and does not endorse any religion is called a/an _______ society. | Secular |
| The symbolic interactionist study done by Rosenthal and Jacobson on teacher expectations and student achievement found that: | when teachers expected students to succeed, the students tended to improve. |
| The placement of students into different educational programs of study such as remedial classes or college-prep classes is called: | Tracking |
| Which of the following is true concerning education and inequality? | There are fewer African American and Latino students in gifted classes than in remedial classes. |
| Swift Boat Veterans for Truth and MoveOn.org, both of which participated in the 2004 U.S. presidential election, are examples of: | 527 committees |
| Organizations that have no official connection to a candidate but that raise and spend funds like a campaign does; named after the section of the tax code that authorizes their existence. | 527 committees |
| System of government by and for a small number of elites that does not include representation of ordinary citizens. | authoritarianism |
| The legitimate, noncoercive exercise of power. | authority |
| A proposition or idea held on the basis of faith. | belief |
| Public schools run by private entities to give parents greater control over their children's education. | charter schools |
| Two-year institution that provides students with general education and facilitates transfer to a four-year university. | community colleges |
| A political system in which all citizens have the right to participate. | democracy |
| The removal of voting rights or other rights of citizenship, either temporarily or permanently, through economic, political, or legal means. | disenfranchisement |
| Any educational course or program in which the teacher and the students do not meet together in the classroom; increasingly available over the internet. | distance learning |
| Institutions in which students earn a high school diploma and two years of credit toward a bachelor's degree. | early college high schools |
| The process by which a society transmits its knowledge, values, and expectations to its members so they can function effectively. | education |
| A term describing conservative Christians who emphasize converting others to their faith. | evangelical |
| A person's public display of commitment to a religious faith. | extrinsic religiosity |
| The media, which are considered like a fourth branch of government (after the executive, legislative, and judiciary) and thus serve as another of the checks and balances on power. | Fourth Estate |
| The practice of emphasizing literal interpretation of texts and a "return" to a time of greater religious purity; represented by the most conservative group within any religion. | fundamentalism |
| The formal, organized agency that exercises power and control in modern society, especially through the creation and enforcement of laws. | government |
| Values or behaviors that students learn indirectly over the course of their schooling because of the structure of the educational system and the teaching methods used. | hidden curriculum |
| The education of children by their parents, at home. | homeschooling |
| A person's inner religious life or personal relationship to the divine. | intrinsic religiosity |
| A movement within the Catholic Church to understand Christianity from the perspective of the poor and oppressed, with a focus on fighting injustice. | liberation theology |
| A government ruled by a king or queen, with succession of rulers kept within the family. | monarchy |
| A term describing religions that worship a single divine figure. | monotheistic |
| High-profile individuals whose interpretation of events influences the public. | opinion leaders |
| A system of political power in which a wide variety of individuals and groups have equal access to resources and the mechanisms of power. | pluralist model |
| An organization that raises money to support the interests of a select group or organization. | political action committee (PAC) |
| Methods and tactics intended to influence government policy; policy-related attitudes and activities. | politics |
| The ability to control the actions of others. | power |
| C. Wright Mills's term for a relatively small number of people who control the economic, political, and military institutions of a society. | power elite |
| The ordinary, mundane, or everyday. | profane |
| Any institutionalized system of shared beliefs and rituals that identify a relationship between the sacred and the profane. | religion |
| The regular practice of religious beliefs, often measured in terms of frequency of attendance at worship services and the importance of religious beliefs to an individual. | religiosity |
| A practice based on religious beliefs. | ritual |
| The holy, divine, or supernatural. | sacred |
| Payments from the government to parents whose children attend failing public schools; the money helps parents pay private school tuition. | school vouchers |
| Nonreligious; a secular society separates church and state and does not endorse any religion. | secular |
| An image or media representation that does not reflect reality in any meaningful way but is treated as real. | simulacrum |
| Systems and structures within society that shape the activities of groups and individuals. | social institutions |
| Organizations that raise and spend money to influence elected officials and/or public opinion. | special interest groups |
| The placement of students in educational "tracks," or programs of study (e.g., college prep, remedial), that determine the types of classes students take. | tracking |
| A term describing those who consider themselves spiritual but not religious and who often adopt aspects of various religious traditions. | unchurched |
| The idea that teacher's attitudes about their students unintentionally influence their academic performance. | Pygmalion effect |
| Because schools are funded by local property taxes, children in poor neighborhoods are trapped in poor schools, which reinforces __________ | inequality |
| ______ practices based upon religious beliefs | rituals |
| holy, divine or supernatural | sacred |
| ordinary mundane or everyday | profane |
| propositions and ideas held on the basis of faith | beliefs |
| ______ shapes everyday behavior by providing morals, values, rules and norms for its participants and gives meaning to lives. | religion |
| religion can be __________ by promoting inequality with sexist, racist, or homophobic doctrines. | dysfunctional |
| refers to a person’s public display of commitment to a religious faith. | Extrinsic religiosity |
| refers to a person’s inner religious life or personal relationship to the divine. | Intrinsic religiosity |
| those who literally interpret texts and want to “return” to a time of greater religious purity | Fundamentalists |
| those who consider themselves spiritual but not religious and who often adopt aspects of various religious traditions | unchurched |
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hkrawietz
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