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AP World History
Valhalla High School Bentley AP World Ch. 14
Term | Definition | Significance | Unit | Time | Chapter Bentley | Region |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mamluk | Purchased as slaves during Abbasid Caliphate | Eventually grew more powerful than weakened Abbasid caliphate and set up their own independent sultantes | 2 | 850CE | Bulliet 3rd p. 205 (not discussed in Bentley) | Central Asia, Perisa Iraq |
Caliph | Means successor, deputy, Islamic leader after the death of Muhammad. Lieutenant, not prophet who led, the umma, believers. | could lose political power if lacking military or political strength. heated disputes over rightful successor to Muhamad led to major split between two sects of Islam Sunni and Shiite | 2 | 700CE-20th century | Ch. 14 p.353 | Middle East;Arabia ++ |
Islam | Means submission to the will of God | This is the core of Islamic beliefs, and nothing can trump it. | 2 | 700-21st | Ch. 14 | Middle East |
Hijra | Literally Migration-Muhammad's move to Medina because his criticism of idolatry in Mecca also threatened economic interests in that city | In Medina came to led a group of people in exile; tended not only to spiritual, but practical affairs. Community he came to lead was the Umma- the faithful-he led them militarily, helped them economically by raids on caravans from Mecca, helped poor | 2 | 622C | 14 | Middle East Arabian Peninsula |