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Foodborne Illness
Clin Med 1 2011- foodborne illness
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Three different organisms causing foodborne illness? | bactera-most food borne pathogens, fungus-candida, viruses - Hepatitis |
| Who is at risk for foodborne illness? | infants and children, pregnancy, elderly, chronic disease (liver, diabetes, cancer), immunocompromised (HIV, chemo, steroids) |
| What are the common source for Campylobactor jejuni? | raw meat, milk , shellfish, dirty water |
| What is the onset and duration for Campylobactor jejuni? | 2-5 days onset, duration 2-7 d |
| What are the Sx for Campylobactor jejuni? | D/abd pain, bloody stools |
| What causes Staphylococcus aureus? | dz from toxin produced when contaminated foods are stored at rm temp |
| What are common sources for S. aureus? | meat, poultry, eggs, tuna, potato and macaroni salads, cream filled pastries |
| What is the onset and duration for S. aureus? | rapid onset, duration 2-3 days |
| What is Clostridium perfringens? | Cafeteria germ: foods prepared in lg quantities, stored at rm temp, not cooled fast enuf and stored on steam table too long |
| What are common sources for Clostridium perfringens? | meat, poultry, gravies, bean dishes, unwashed vegetables *lives in soil |
| What is the onset and duration for Clostridium perfringens? | Onset 8-24 hrs, duration short (24 hr flu) |
| What are the Sx for Clostridium perfringens? | abd pain, diarrhea |
| What causes Clostridium botulinum? | toxin produced by bacteria causes dz |
| What are the common sources for Clostridium botulinum? | low acid, anaerobic environments, home canned beans, mushrooms, olives, spinach, beef, honey and corn syrup may have spores |
| What is the onset for Clostridium botulinum? | onset 12-36 hrs |
| What are the symptoms for Clostridium botulinum? | neurologic Sz: progressive paralysis of respiratory system |
| Why is it important to diagnose Clostridium botulinum? | requires emergent medical care can be fatal |
| What are some common sources for Salmonella? | raw meat, poultry, eggs, fish, raw milk cross contamination - drippings, utensils, surfaces, and other foods |
| What is the onset for Salmonella? | 6-36 hours |
| What are Sx for Salmonella? | N/V/D/ HA, fever, abd cramps |
| For who can salmonella be fatal in? | elderly and young |
| What is the E. coli pathogen? | E. coli 0157:H7 |
| Where is E.coli found? | feces of warm blooded animals |
| What are some sources of E.coli? | contaminated food, water, ground beef, raw milk, plant foods, apple juice |
| If not directly from food or water, how else can you get E.coli? | person to person contact - anal-oral route |
| Why is the incidence of E.coli down? | due to USDA testing of ground meat |
| what is the onset of e.coli? | 2-4 (3-9d) |
| What are the Sx of e.coli? | bloody watery diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, adb pain |
| What can e.coli cause? | hemolytic uremic syndrome-kidney failure Death |
| What are some common sources for listeria monocytogenes? | raw milk, cheese (mexican), soil, leafy vegs, strawberries, raspberries, juices, meat, poultry, and cheese, food processing environments |
| What are some characterisitcs of Listeria monocytogenes? | difficult to kill survives cold temps (fridge) |
| What is the onset for listeria? | 7-30 days |
| What are the Sx for listeria? | HA, V, fever (may be asymptomatic) sepsis, meningitis, may be fatal fetal loss |
| What % of cases require hospitalization for listeria monocytogenes? | 94% |
| What are the recommendations for pregnancy in regards to Listeria? | avoid raw cheese --> feta, Brie, camembert, blue cheese, mexican style cheese no unpasteurized milk no raw or undercooked meat, fish, poultry |
| Where is Shigella found? | human fecal matter |
| How do you get Shigella? | processed by food handlers, foods from contaminated soil |
| What is the onset for Shigella? | 1-3 days |
| What are the Sx for Shigella? | D, bloody stools, abd pain, fever |
| What the common sources for Vibrio vunificus? | raw seafood, oysters |
| What are sx for Vibiro vunificus? | V/D/abd pain |
| What do the Sx for Vibrio vunificus look like in immunocompromised pts? | infect bloodstream causing Fever/chills, decreased blood pressure (septic shock) |
| How can you get Vibrio vunificus through seawater? | through an open cut? |
| How many of systemic infections caused by Vibrio vunificus are fatal? | 50% |
| What are common sources for Vibrie cholera? | human, food, water |
| What is the onset for Vibrie cholera? | 2-3 days |
| What are Sx for Vibrie cholera? | V/profuse watery diarrhea, dehydration -->death |
| What are the routes of transmission for Hepatitis A Virus? | fecal-oral oral or anal sex |
| What are some common sources for hep a virus? | water, ice human-human --> poor handwashing fruits, vegs, shellfish |
| What is the onset for hep a virus? | 2-6weeks |
| What are the Sx for Hep A virus? | mild but may last several months dark urine, fatigue, low-grade fever, poor appetite, N/V, jaundice, pale or slay colored stools |
| Who with Hep A virus may be asymptomatic? | young children - watch out for daycares!! |
| Where can you get trichinosis parasite? | pork and wild game |
| What are the Sx for trichinosis parasite? | muscle weakness, flu like Sx pain and achiness all over |
| What is the danger zone for food? | 40-140 degrees F |
| How long can you keep cold food at room temp? | No more than 2 hours |
Created by:
ashleylafontaine
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