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Speech Review
Speech Quizzes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Communication | The process of using messages to generate meaning |
| Receiver | A message target |
| Source | A message initiator |
| Message | A verbal/nonverbal form of the idea, thought, or feeling that one person (the source) wishes to communicate to another person or group of people (the receivers) |
| Encoding | The process of translating an idea or thought into a code |
| Decoding | The process of assigning meaning to an idea or thought in a code |
| Seven Advantages to Studying Communication | Improve how you see yourself Improve how others see you Improve your knowledge of human relations Learn important life skills Help you succeed professionally Exercise right to freedom of speech Help you navigate the diverse world |
| Culture | A system of shared beliefs, values, customs, behaviors, and artifacts the the members of a society use to cope with one another and with their world |
| Role | The part an individual plays in a group; an individual's function or expected behavior |
| Self-actualization | According to Maslow, the fulfillment of one's potential as a person |
| Attribution | The assignment of meaning to people's behavior |
| Face | The socially approved and presented identity of an individual |
| Tactile Communication | The use of touch in communication |
| Illustrators | Nonverbal movements that accompany or reinforce verbal messages |
| Proxemics | The study of the human use of space and distance |
| Emblems | Nonverbal movements that substitute for words and phrases |
| Chronemics | The way people organize and use time and the messages that are created because of their organization and use of it |
| Kinesics | The study of bodily movements, including posture, gestures, and facial expressions. |
| 5 Categories of Movement | Illustrators Emblems Affect Displays Regulators Adaptors |
| Why is tactile communication an important part of nonverbal communication? | Tactile communication can assign a meaning to a message. It can make a message comforting or even threatening. How comfortable you are with tactile communication can pertain to how comfortable you are with your life and yourself. |
| Active Listening | Involved listening with a purpose |
| Automatic attention | The instinctive focus we give to stimuli signaling a change in our surroundings, stimuli that we deem important, or stimuli that we perceive to signal danger. |
| Schema | Organized "filing systems" for thoughts held in long-term memory |
| Selective attention | The sustained focus we give to stimuli we deem important |
| Empathetic listening | Listening with a purpose and attempting to understand the other person |
| Critical listening | Listening that challenges the speaker's message by evaluating its accuracy, meaningfulness, and utility |
| What are the 4 types of listening? Explain each one. | Active - actually receiving a message with intent to react, not just hearing Selective - choosing who or what you want to listen to Empathetic - listening to and understanding the speaker's thoughts and emotions Critical - listening for meaning |
| Barriers to effective listening | Noise - Physical, mental, factual, semantic Perception of Others - Status, stereotypes, sights and sounds Yourself - egocentrism, defensiveness, experiential superiority, personal bias, pseudolistening |
| Demonstrating active listening with nonverbal communication | eye contact lean forward facial expressions and head movement open body position respond vocally |
| Brainstorming | A creative procedure for thinking of as many topics and you can in a limited time |
| Audience Analysis | The collection and interpretation of audience information obtained by observation, inferences, questionnaires, or interviews |
| Questionnaire | A set of written questions developed to obtain demographic and attitudinal information |
| Microtargeting | A method of bringing national issues down to the individual level |
| Attitude | A predisposition to respond favorbaly or infavorably to a person, an object, an idea, or an event |
| Belief | A conviction; often thought to be more enduring than an attitude and less enduring than a value |
| What are the 4 levels of audience analysis? | Captive or Voluntary; Demographic; Audience & Interest; Attitudes, Beliefs and Values |
| What are the 3 methods of audience analysis? | Questionnaire Observation Inference |
| Rough Draft | The preliminary organization of the outline of a presentation |
| Outline | A written plan that uses symbols, margins, and content to reveal the order, importance, and substance of presentation |
| Transition | A bridge between sections of a presentation that helps the presenter move smoothly form one idea to another. |
| Bibliography | A list of sources used in a presentation |
| Main Points | The most important points in a presentation; indicated by Roman numerals in an outline |
| Parallel form | The consisten use of complete sentences, clauses, phrases, or words in an outline |
| 3 Ways to gain and maintain audience attention | Show a video Wear a uniform or costume Short group activity or participation |
| Purpose of a thesis statement | Introduce the topic and realize what the speech is about. |
| The largest part of the presentation, which contains the arguments, evidence, and main content, is called the ____. | body |
| 4 Different Patterns for Outlining a Speech | Time-Sequence Cause/Effect Problem/Solution Topical-Sequence |
| Pronunciation | The act of correctly articulating words |
| Articulation | The production of sounds; a component of enunciation |
| Fluency | The smoothness of delivery, the flow of words, and the absence of vocalized pauses |
| Enunciation | The pronunciation and articulation of sounds and words |
| Eye contact | The production of sounds; a component of enunciation |
| Facial Express | Any nonverbal cues expressed by the speaker's face |
| 4 Modes of Delivery | Manuscript Memorized Impromptu Extemporaneous |
| 4 Bodily Aspects of a Presentation | Eye contact Hand gestures Movement Facial expressions |
| Visual Aide | Video Powerpoint Handouts Computer graphics Yourself |
| Antonym | Defines an idea by opposition |
| Synonym | Defines by using a word close or similar in meaning to the one you are trying to define |
| Rhetorical Questions | Questions asked for effect, with no answer expected |
| Imagery | Use of words that appeal to the senses, which create pictures in the mind |
| Contrast | Clarifies by showing differences |
| Narrating | The oral presentation and interpretation of a story, a description, or an event; includes dramatic reading of prose or poetry |
| Five Skills of Presenting | Defining Describing Demonstrating Narrating Explaining |
| Ethics | A set of principles of right conduct |
| Boomerang Effect | The audience likes you and your message less after your presentation that they did before |
| Rebuttal | Arguing against someone else's position on an issue |
| Syllogism | A logical sturcture that contains a major premise (a generalization) applied to a particular instance (a minor premise) that lease to a conclusion |
| Proof | Evidence that the receiver believes |
| Argument | A proposition that asserts some course of action |
| Difference between Evidence and Proof | Evidence the information give to the audience. Proof is the evidence the audience receives as true. |
| Monroe's Motivated Sequence for Persuasive Speaking | Gain Attention Establish Need Satisfaction Visualization Call to Action |
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