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Chapter 6 br&be
Chapter 6 evolution of the brain and behavior
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is phylogeny? | The evolutionary history of a particular group of organisms. |
| What is genus? | A group of species that resemble each other because of shared inheritance. |
| What is species? | A group of individuals that can readily interbreed to produce fertile offspring. |
| What is naturalist? | A student of animal life and structure. |
| What is evolution? | The process by which a population of interbreeding individuals changes over long periods of time |
| What is evolution by natural selection? | The Darwinian theory that evolution proceeds by differential success in reproduction. |
| What is sexual selection? | Darwin's theoretical mechanism for the evolution of anatomical and behavioral differences between males and females. |
| What is mutation? | A change in the nucleotide sequence of a gene as a result of unfaithful replication. |
| What is genetics? | The study of inheritance including the genes encoded in DNA. |
| What is a chromosome? | A complex of condensed strands of DNA and associated protein molecultes; found in the nucleus of cells. |
| What is taxonomy? | The classification of organisms. |
| What is convergent evolution? | The evolutionary process by which responses to similar ecological features bring about similarities in behavior or structure among animals that are only distantly related. |
| What is homoplasy? | The similar appearance of features, often due to convergent evolution. |
| What is homology? | A resemblance based on common ancestry. |
| What is analogy? | Similarity of function, although structures of interest may look different. |
| What is a giant axon? | A large-diameter axon; found in some invertebrates. |
| What is neuropili? | The conglomeration of dendrites and the synapses upon them. |
| What is endocast? | A cast of the cranial cavity of a skull, especially useful for studying fossils of extinct species. |
| What is the isocortex? | Cerebral cortex that is made up of six distinct layers, formerly referred to as neocortex. |
| What is encephalization factor? | A measure of brain size relative to body size. |
| What is australopithecine? | Of or related to Australopithecus, a primate genus, known only from the fossil record, thought to be an ancestor to humans. |
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slytherinangel
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