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HAM 6th U4:L1-3 Quiz
Mr. Stickler's HAM 6th grade, U4, Quiz 1 flashcards.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Why did civilization begin in Egypt? | It began because the Nile River prvided "life-giving water, fertile soil, a surplus of food, an avenue of trade, and a home for villages and cities. (Pg. 102) |
| What 3 things do you have to have before you can say a place is a "civilization"? (HINT: This is from unit 2.) | You have to have: 1.) Surplus of food 2.) Division of labor 3.) Built up cities |
| What does the word "Kemet" mean? | The word means "Black Land". (Pg. 100) |
| Name 5 of the crops that Egyptians were able to grow on their land. | They grew: 1.) Wheat 2.) Barley 3.) Onions 4.) Figs 5.) Grapes *Also dates, lentils, beans, pomegranates, and flax. (Pg. 101) |
| What is a "cataract"? | It is "a large waterfall". (Pg. 101) |
| What products did the Egyptians import from other countries in different directions (north, south, east, and/ or west)? | From the north, they got cedar and juniper trees (lumber), silver, and horses; from the east they got lapis lazuli; from the south they got ebony, copper, cattle, gold, ivory, incense, and ostrich feathers. (Pg. 101) |
| Why does the Nile River flow north toward the Mediterranean Sea instead of south toward Lake Victoria and the Indian Ocean? | Because the Nile River starts in the mountains of the Great Rift Valley in eastern central Africa. Because the elevation is higher, the water runs downhill toward the Mediterranean Sea. (Pg. 101) |
| How did Egyptians store water for use during the dry season? | They stored water in "catchment basins", large holes they dug before the rains came. (Pg. 100) |
| Which Egyptian god was known as the "god of the sun"? | The god was known as "Re" (ray). He was the most important because his heat and light ensured good harvests. (He was believed to be the pharoah's father.) (Pg. 103) |
| Who was the Egyptian "ruler of the dead"? | The god's name was "Osiris". (Pg. 103) |
| Who was - at first - the Egyptian "god of the sky", then changed to become the patron deity for the king. (HINT: He was a falcon-headed god.) | The god's name was "Horus". (Pg. 103) |
| Who became the sky goddess after another god no longer "had the job"? | Nut was the goddess of the sky. (Pg. 103) |
| Who was the god of knowledge and wisdom? | Thoth was the god of knowledge and wisdom. (Pg. 103) |
| Who was the king that united upper and lower Egypt in about 3100 B.C.E. | King Narmer did this. He made his capital at Memphis. (Pg. 103) |
| What four parts of Egyptian life did the king rule? | They ruled: 1.) the government, 2.) the army, 3.) and he served as the chief of the priests. (Egyptians also believed he was a god!). (Pg. 103) |
| What does the word "pharaoh" mean? | The word means "palace" or "great house". (Pg. 103) |
| Which Egyptian pharaoh built the first pyramid, where is it located, and when did they build it? | "A king named Zoser built the first pyramid at Saqqara around 2650 B.C.E. (Pg. 104) |
| Who built the Great Pyramids at Giza? | The pharaoh Khufu built them at Saqqara around 2650 B.C.E. (Pg. 104) |
| Why are the pyramids at Giza famous? | They are one of the 7 wonders of the Ancient World. (Pg. 105) |
| What did Egyptians believe about death? | They believed that death "was not the end of everything". They believed it was the beginning of eternal life. |
| What is the difference between the graves of pharaohs and the graves of "common people"? | Pharaohs built their graves in pyramids; "common people" were buried in simple pits in the desert. (Pg. 105) |
| What are "canopic jars" used for? | These were used to hold the internal organs of the mummies during the mummification process. Then, they were buried in the tombs alongside the pharaoh. (Pg. 105) |
| Name three (3) things rich Egyptians might have had in their tombs. | They might have had jewels, spices, or gold in their tombs. They did this because Egyptians felt they could take things with them to the afterlife. So, they put all the items a person might need inside the tomb (Pg. 106) |
| What kinds of information did the "Book of the Dead" contain? | This contained the route the dead person should follow to the underworld, chants for protection, and answers to questions the dead person might be asked by Horus or Anubis in the Judgment Hall. (Pg. 107) |
| How was it determined whether or not a person would be allowed to enter the land of the dead? | The dead person met up with Horus and Anubis in the Judgment Hall. Anubis weighed the dead person's heart against the feather of truth. If the heart was lighter, the person was found "sinless" & were allowed to the land of the dead. (Pg. 107) |
| What is the name of the writing system the Egyptians invented? Where was it mainly used? | They invented "hieroglyphics", which means "sacred carvings. This was a system of picture writing. It was used mostly on temple walls, tombs, and monuments. (Pg. 107) |
| How did modern ("today's") scientists learn how to read hieroglyphics? | French soldiers dug up a black stone near Rosetta, Egypt in 1799 that had Greek and Egyptian writing on it. (Pg. 108 & 109) |
| Who finally deciphered the Egyptian writing system and how long did it take? | French scholar Jean Francois Champollion deciphered it. It took "more than 20 years". (Pg. 109) |
| What is "senet"? | It is a type of board game played by Egyptians. It is sort of like backgammon. (Pg. 110) |
| What is "kohl"? | This is a type of eye makeup that was work on and around the eyelashes and eyelids of ancient Egyptians to make their eyes look almond - shaped and to "cut down the glare from the blazing desert sun". (Pg. 114) |
| Why is Hatshepset a "famous pharaoh"? | 1.) Hatshepsut was 1 of only 4 women to be an Egyptian pharaoh. 2.) She hired the architect, Senmut, to build her temple and work on her capital at Thebes. (She wanted to be famous for her "leaving her mark".) (Pg. 111) |
| Did ancient Egyptians have a division of labor? (Yes or no?) Explain your answer. | Yes. Pharaoh Some had a lot of power and money. Architects, like Senmut, who worked for the pharaoh and priests also had specialized jobs. However, many Egyptians were poor farmers. These "levels" of society are "divisions" ("parts") of labor. |
| How many pharaohs worked to finish the pyramids at Giza and what were their names? | Two pharoahs (and the son of one of them) worked on the pyramids at Giza. Pharaoh Khufu built the pyramids along with his son named Khafre. Pharaoh Menkaure was the 2nd pharaoh to work on these pyramids. (Pg. 104) |
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