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Mr Mac Space
Space/Solar System Flash Cards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| List the planets in order beginning from the sun. | Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune |
| The first 4 planets (inner planets) are what kind of planets? | terrestrial |
| The 4 planets farthest from the sun (outer planets)are what kind of planets? | gas giants |
| What is astronomy? | The study of space. |
| Our solar system is located where? | An outer arm (called Orion) of the Milky Way Galaxy. |
| Pluto is no longer a planet because it is to small? True or False | False! It has an irregular orbit that has not been cleared of other objects. |
| What are the 3 characteristics that define a planet? | 1. The body of the object is round from it's own gravity 2. It's orbit is clear of other objects 3. It orbits a star. |
| What kind of planet is Pluto? | Dwarf planet |
| Is Pluto the only Dwarf planet? | No, Ceres, Eris, Haumea and Makemake are others, and there are more to come. |
| Name the outer planets. | Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune |
| What can be found between Mars and Jupiter? | The Asteroid Belt. (and Dwarf Planet Ceres) |
| Where is Pluto located? | The Kuiper Belt -some of the time and between Neptune and Uranus other times. |
| Name somethings in our solar system that are not planets. | Asteroids and Asteroid Belt, KBOs and Kuiper Belt, comets, Dwarf Planets -Pluto, Eris and Ceres,and the Sun |
| How is a meteor and a meteorite different? | A meteorite hits the Earth's surface and a meteor is only the name of the object when it is traveling through the atmosphere. |
| Supernova | the explosion of a large star -incredible amounts of energy and matter are released |
| Which planets have the most moons? | The larger ones: Jupiter and Saturn |
| Do all 4 gas giants have rings? | yes |
| Name some Dwarf Planets other than Pluto. | Ceres, Eris, Haumea, Makemake |
| Why does Venus stay so hot? | It's atmosphere of carbon dioxide traps the Sun's energy as heat close to the surface. |
| Why is Mars red? | The iron oxide (rust) on it's surface. |
| Dark energy is used to explain what? | Why the universe is believed to expanding faster and faster. |
| Which is believed to be a stronger force: dark energy or dark matter? | Dark energy -If dark matter was stronger the universe would be slowing down due to the gravity of all matter. |
| Name some different types of telescopes. | radio wave, x-ray, optical, infrared, ultraviolet and gamma ray |
| What telescope(s) collect information from light we cannot see. | ultraviolet and infrared telescopes |
| Which telescope(s) collect information from visible light sources. | optical telescopes |
| What gases are the gas giants mainly composed of? | hydrogen and helium |
| What is a large ball of super hot glowing hydrogen and helium? | A star |
| Where is a comet's tail located? | directly away from the sun |
| What unit of measurement is the average distance from Earth to the Sun? | An au or astronomical unit |
| Is Venus more than 1au from the Sun or less than 1au from the Sun? | Less than 1 astronomical unit |
| Is Jupiter more than 1au from the sun or less than 1au from the Sun? | More than 1 astronomical unit |
| What unit is used to measure how far other stars are from Earth? | Light years |
| How long is a light year? | The distance light travels in 1 year. exactly 9,460,730,472,580.8 km about 5,878,625,373,183.608 miles about 63,241.1 astronomical units |
| How long is an astronomical unit? | The average distance from the Earth to the Sun. about 149,597,870.7 km |
| What is between Mars and Jupiter? | The Asteroid Belt and Dwarf Planet Ceres |
| What is located beyond Neptune? | The Kuiper Belt with Dwarf planets Pluto, Eris, Makemake and Haumea |
| Pluto was demoted to dwarf planet status because it did not fit one of the 3 criteria for being a planet. Which one did Pluto fall short on? | It has not cleared it's orbit of other objects. |
| Which is longer an astronomical unit or a light year? | Light year (it is much greater distance) |
| Name the different types of galaxies. | Spiral, elliptical and irregular/peculiar. |
| The Milky Way is what type of galaxy? | Spiral |
| A galaxy with no clear shape is a... | irregular galaxy (or peculiar galaxy) |
| a group of stars, planets and other objects traveling through space together is called what? | a galaxy |
| If you see a shooting star, you are looking at a ______________. | meteor (burning up!) |
| What is the largest planet in our solar system? | Jupiter |
| Which terrestrial planet has the hottest surface temperature? | Venus |
| Mercury is closest to the sun. What makes Venus hotter than Mercury? | The atmosphere filled with green house gases like carbon dioxide. |
| Which planet has the longest day? | Venus! It's days are longer than it's years! |
| Which planet has the shortest day? | Jupiter! It rotates or spins very fast. |
| Which planet has a year that is 365.25 days long? | Earth |
| Which planet has the longest year? | Neptune of course! It is the farthest from the sun. The dwarf planets in the Kuiper belt would even have longer years. |
| Which planet has the shortest year? | Mercury It is closest to the sun so it's orbit is shortest. |
| Are the gas giants made mostly of hydrogen and helium like the sun? | yes |
| Why are Earth and Venus sometimes called sister planets? | They are similar in size, both inner and terrestrial planets and they are next to each other. |
| Should we send a probe to land on Jupiter? Why or why not? | No, it is a gas giant it has no surface. |
| Why do some scientist think Jupiter was on it's way to becoming a star? | It is big and made of mostly of hydrogen and helium gas. |
| How many Venus sized planets would fit inside Earth? | about 1 |
| Optical telescopes collect information carried on ... | ...visible light |
| Who was Galileo? | An Italian scientist/astronomer who made great discoveries with the telescope, including the rings of Saturn and moons of Jupiter. He also improved upon the design of the telescope. |
| Why did Galileo spend the last years of his life under arrest. | He supported the Copernicus' heliocentric model of the universe, which was heresy (against religious teachings). |
| The force of Gravity is effected by what to things? | Mass and Distance |
| All matter is attracted to each other by a force called... | Gravity |
| If the Sun's gravity is pulling Earth and the other planets toward it. Why hasn't Earth been pulled into the Sun yet? | The Earth has inertia. Earth's inertia is perpendicular to the gravity of the Sun. |
| When the Sun's energy is directly hitting the Tropic of Cancer, what season are we having? | Summer! |
| The Earth's spins on an axis. This axis is tilted at 23.5 degrees. This is one of the main reasons for our seasons. True or False? | TRUE |
| Name specific things Galileo discovered. | Rings of Saturn and moons of Jupiter |
| The moon looks different every night, why? | The Sun shines on different parts and we can only see the same side with different amounts of light. |
| When the Sun shines totally on the side we see, this is called a... | full moon. |
| When the sun shines on the side we cannot see, this is called a... | new moon. |
| When the sun shines on over half of the side we can see, we call this a... | gibbous moon |
Created by:
MrMac
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