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CMS 8th ss Ch2
Chamberlain Middle School 8th grade SS Chapter 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| capital | money or property used to earn more money |
| joint-stock companies | Businesses in which a group of people invest together |
| astrolabe | A tool that allowed navigators to learn their ship's location by charting the position of the stars |
| monopoly | sole economic control over goods |
| caravel | a small ship built to move quickly and handle well |
| Black Death | bubonic plague, deadly disease that killed as many as 30 million in Europe |
| Commercial Revolution | a period of great change in the European economy |
| Renaissance | a rebirth of the arts and learning of ancient Greece and Rome |
| Prince Henry | Known as the Navigator he gathered the best mapmakers, sailors and shipbuilders to help increase exploration |
| Bartolomeu Dias | Led an expedition southward along African coast. Safely passed the tip of Africa which they named the Cape of Good Hope |
| viceroy | royal governor of lands explored |
| convert | to change someones religious beleifs |
| Christopher Columbus | Sailor from Gonoa, Italy who led the first European expedition across the Atlantic Ocean that resulted in permant settlement. He was financially backed by Spain |
| Kind Ferdinand Queen Isabella | They funded Columbus' expedition across the Atlantic |
| Reconquista | Ongoing struggle to drive the Moors from Spain |
| Line of Demarcation | An imaginary boundry line showing the land that Spain could explore and claim created by the Pope Alexander VI |
| Treaty of Tordesillas | Treaty between Spain and Portugal that moved the Line of Demarcation 800 miles to the west |
| strait | a narrow sea passage |
| circumnavigate | sail completely around |
| Vasco da Gama | Sailed around the cape of Good Hope and made several trips to India |
| Pedro Alvars Cabral | He landed on what is now Brazil and claimed the land for Portugal |
| John Cabot | Sailed for England looking for a passage to India in the Northern Atlantic. He found North America in the process. |
| Amerigo Vespucci | Italian explorer who worked for Spain. Explored the American continents. A map maker on his ship labeled the land "America" in honor of Amerigo |
| Vasco Nunez de Balboa | First European to reach the Pacific. The named the waters the South Sea |
| Ferdinand Magellan | First European to circumnavigate the world. He actually died before the trip was completed. |
| Columbian Exchange | The Columbian Exchange was a dramatically widespread exchange of animals, plants, culture, human populations (including slaves), communicable disease, and ideas between (Old World and the New World)that took place after Columbus came to America. |
| Northwest Passage | Sea passage between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans along the northern coast of North America. The search for a commercial sea route around the American land barrier dates from the end of the 15th centuries |
| Jacques Cartier | a French explorer who claimed what is now Canada for France. He was the first European to describe and map the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and the shores of the Saint Lawrence River, which he named "The Country of Canadas" |
| Samuel de Champlain | "The Father of New France", was a French navigator, cartographer, draughtsman, soldier, explorer, geographer, ethnologist, diplomat, and chronicler. He founded New France and Quebec City on July 3, 1608 which are in Canada. |
| Henry Hudson | Hudson made two attempts on behalf of English merchants to find the Northeast Passage. Hudson explored the region around modern New York while looking for a route to Asia for the Dutch East India Company. He explored the river which was named for him |
Created by:
wjewell
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