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AP US History Ch 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Writs of Assistance | 1760-attempt to prevent colonists from trading w/ french west indies, writs were essentially search warrants that allowed officials to search ships, store houses, homes w/out probable cause |
| Writs of Assistance: James Ottis | boston merchants hired him to challenge constitutionality of writs. he looses teh case but the idea that parliament is not about law is introduced |
| Sugar Act:1764 | more enumerated goods, introduced complicated shipping paperwork and new tax on sugar, if accused of violating act you were sent to trial w/ no jury, if judge found guilty you receieve 5% of cargo, guilty until proven innocent, tax used to pay for crown |
| Stamp Act:1765 | tax on special water marked paper required on all legal documents, direct tax designed to raise money for crown, impacted all colonists, boycotted british goods, forced parlaiment to repeal act in 1766,virtual representation |
| Stamp Act: Decloratory Act | claimed right tax to colonists whenever and how ever they wanted |
| Quartering Act:1765 | colonies had to provide sub pervisions for British soilders stationed, NY refused to follow mandate b/c they had alot of soilders, parliament organized to force NY, NY backed down,another example of colonists resentment to standing army, indirect tax |
| Townshend Acts: 1767 | direct tax on goods like led, paint, glass, and tea, colonists quickly organized against new taxes and boycotted against goods, parliament removed all taxes except for on tea,led to boston massacre, raised money to dissolve power of the purse |
| Proclomation of 1763 | king george III drew line north to south along app mtns, colonists could not settle west of line w/out british permission, prevent war w/ natives, enraged famers and land speculators |
| Intolerable Acts | closed boston harbor, revoked Mass charter, officer chargeer w/ murder tried in england, added another quartering act |
| First Continental Congress | in Philly, response to intolerable acts, every colony but georgia sent a delegate, boycott british goods, seized exportin to british and west indies positions, sent petition to king trying to dismiss ministers who passed intolerable acts |
| common sense | thomas paine, easy for americans to understand, best seller, said monarchy is not good for americans and do not have economic need to britain, removed last physcological barrier to american independence |
| boston massacre | crowed threw objects at guards, officers fired into crowd killing 5, no officer recieved horrible punishment, began shoting of unarmed american civilians by british soldiers |
| commitees of correspondence | most towns establshed, responsible for exchanged info and coordinating measures to defend colonial rights, first attempt to maintain clost political cooperation over a wide area |
| Decleration of Indpencence | 13 colonies become independent states, formal explanation of why they were independent, reasons were stamp act, townshend act, tax w/out rep, talked about equality, justice, liberty |
| Second continental congress | convention of philly with all 13 colonies, managed colonial war effort, decided to be independent and to adopt dec of ind, acted as national gov't which became us gov't, raised armies, stratagy, treaties, and appointed diplomats |
| tea act | eliminated import duties in tea entereing duties, lowered selling price to consumers, competed with smuggled competition, colonists considered is taxation tyreny b/c now they had to buy from britain |
| what was french and indian war | france attempting to strenghten its claim in ohio valley.. built series of fots and upset colonies who also claimed ohio valley. va. sent george wash to force french out. (defeated) marks beg of war. eventually moved to europe and began 7 years war |
| brit initiallyy struggle against french and natives in f&i war | n.a. begin to worry french are too powerful and negotiate wtih britain(some tribes withdrawal/some switch sides) william pitt put in charge of brit military-call on colonies(offer to pay) brit fight force rises. |
| f&i war ends. treaty of paris | france loses all land in n. america. brit gets everything e of miss river excpet for new orleans. spain receives western land and new orleans |
| impacts of f&i war | tensions increase between brit&colonists., bad treatment of colonis militia by brit officers. house or quarter brit troops in colonial houses. standing army(soldiers stayed in colonies after war. colonies economy boomed. |
| pontiacs rebellion 1763 | natives attempt to limit engl. expansion by attacking outlying forts. natives farely easily subdued. prompted proclamation of 1763, crown declared no further settlement w. of app. crown control all future expansion. crown organize protection for new land. |
| Lord Dunmores Proclamation | any able bodied mmale slave enlisted in cause of restoring royal authority. liberty for blacks. associated england with black liberty. |
| olive branch petition | cease fire in boston. reppeal of int. acts. american rights. |
| Albany Congress | Brit officials call meeting w/ six nations iroquois. iroquis bound with grand settlement(neutral). obtained expressions of friendship, but iroquis remained suspicious |
| albany plan of union | called for grand council to repeal all colonial assemblies. crown appts. pres. develop policies on mil. defense adn indian affairs, but it was never approved! |
| treaty of san ildefonso | after seven years war.. gave new orleans to spain |
| franco americans became spanish/brit subjects | Acadians- nova scotia made them take oath to be loyal to britain adn not bear arms for france. refused oath and drove them out |
| Anglo Am. Friction | brit complained about quality of colonial troops. officers complained about colonist not providing adequate food/water. colonists tired of arrogance. ny&mass opposed quartering. coloines escaped war financial burden. |
| 1774 george III abrupt and frequent changes to govt | destablilizing and mined relationship with colonists |
| Stamp Act Resistant Groups: loyal 9 | boston merchants, get rid of stamp distributors and tax would be ineffective. |
| Stamp Act Resistant groups: Sons of Liberty | James otis & Sam Adams. resisting crown policies, damage property. forbade members from weapons to avoid physical harm. |
| colonies boycott all brit goods | force parl. to reapeal stamp act in march 1766 |
| oppositionists | believed parliament formed political liberties and protected liberties against corruption/tyranny. no longer rep interests of people. |
| Daughters of Liberty | upper class female pats. helped with repealling the stamp act. by boycotts |
| Am. Board of Customs Com. | more port officials. custums racketing=popular violence. |
| wilkes and liberty 1768-1770 | john wilkes. opposed domestic and foreighn politics and parliament by wealthy land owners. massacre of st. georges field. |
| treaty of fort stanwix. 1768 | ohio river land to pa and virginia heightened tensions |
| Lord Dunmores war | va against indians. gained land. |
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