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Sean Livingston P:1
Chapter 15
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Anschluss | The German term for the 1938 takeover of Austria by Nazi Germany. |
| Baruch Plan | An idea put forth early in the Cold War in which all countries would pledge not to make atomic bombs and to allow international inspections; it was rejected by the Soviet Union. |
| Berlin blockade | The 1948D1949 attemp to squeeze the Western allies out og occupied Berlin by the USSR; it failed because of the successful Berlin Airlift of food and supplies the United States and Britain. |
| Berlin Wall | The ten-foot high concrete wall and "death zone" erected by the Communist East Germans in 1961 to prevent further illegal emigration to the West. |
| Blitzkrieg | ("lightning war") A war conducted with great speed and force, as in Germany's advance into Poland at the beginning of World War II. |
| D Day | June 5, 1944; the invasion of France from the English Channel by combined British and American forces. |
| European Economic Community | An organization begun after World War II, it fostered economic cooperation among member states, eventually becoming today's Eurpean Union. |
| Fascism | A political mobement in the twentieth century that embraced totalitarian government policies to achieve a unity of people and leader; first experienced in Mussolini's Italy. |
| Gestapo | Hitler's secret police, responsible for intimidating the population and helping to rid Germany of "undesirables" such as Jews and leftists. |
| Holocaust | The mass executions perpetrated by the Nazi regime of Germany during World War II; its chief victims were 6 million Jews, but hundredsof thousands of gypsies, homosexuals, and others also perished. |
| Iron curtain | A metaphor coined by Winston Churchill early in the Cold War, it refers to the divide between western and eastern Europe caused by Soviet domination in the latter region. |
| Kuomintang (KMT) | The nationalist party headed by Chiang Kai-shek during the 1930s and 1940s in China. |
| Lebensraum | "living space". The doctrine, adopted by Hitler, that a nation's power depends on the amount of land it occupies; thus, a nation must expand to be strong. |
| Marshall Plan | A program proposed by the U.S. secretary of state George Marshall and implemented from 1947 to 1951 to aid western Europe's recovery from World War II |
| Mein Kampf | (My Struggle); Hitler's credo, written while serving a prison term in 1924. |
| NATO | The North Atlantic Treaty Organization; a military alliance formed in 1949 in which the signatories (Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Great Britain, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, and the United States) agreed to provide m |
| Nazism | The German variant of facism created by Hilter. |
| Nuremberg Trials | Trials conducted in Germany after World War II to determine and punish war guilt among high German officials, resulting in several executions. |
| Pearl Harbor, bombing of | A surprise attack on December 7, 1941, by Japanese planes on the U.S. navy at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii; it brought war between the United States and Japan. |
| Spanish Civil War | Conflict in Spain lasting from 1936 to 1939 in which autoritarian forces led by Generalissimo Francisco Franco, with the help of HItler and Mussolini, triumphed over Republican forces. |
| Third Reich | The third German empire self-proclaimed by Hitler. The first was the empire of Charlemagne, the second that of 1871D1918. |
| Truman Doctrine | The commitment of the U.S. government in 1947 to defend any npncommunist state against attempted communist takeover; proposed by President Harry Truman |
| United Nations | Created in 1945, it is the world's most extensive international organization. |
| Vichy regime | A puppet state in the south of France during World War II, its leaders generally did the bidding of Nazi Germany. |
| Warsaw Pact | a military alliance, formed in 1955, in which Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and the Soviet Union agreed to provide mutual assistance. |
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SeanL505
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