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Sports Psyc
ch 2-4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is personality? | -the characteristics or blend of characteristics that make a person unique |
| What makes up personality? | -psychological core -typical responses -role-related bx |
| approaches to understanding personality | -psychodynamic -trait -situational -interactional -phenomenological |
| measuring personality | -measure both traits and states -there are general versus situation-specific measures -situation specific trait tests predict bx more accurately that do general trait measures |
| measuring personality | -often more effective to compare perswonality test scores to a person's own previous test results that to grp norms -projective tests are interesting but difficult to score |
| measuring personality | -integrate personality test results w/other info obtained about participant -use sport & exercise-specific tests when possible, giving them in consultation w/sport psychologist |
| dos in personality testing | -inform partic about purpose of personality test & exactly how it will be used -allow only qualified indiv who hav understanding of testing principles and measurement error to give personality tests -use both state and trait measures of personality |
| dos in personality testing | -provide partic w/spec feedback concerning results of test -compare indiv agnst their own baseline lvls rather than agnst normative info |
| don'ts in personality testing | -use clinical personality tests that focus on abnormality to study an avg pop of sport and esercise participants -use personality tests to decide who makes team or program and who dsnt |
| don'ts in personality testing | -give or interpret personaolity tests unless u r qualified to do so by APA or another certifying organ -use personality tests to predict bx in sport and exercise settings w/o considering other sources of info |
| psychological core | -most basic and deepest attitudes, values, interest,motives, adn self worth of a person-real person -e.g. persons religious values |
| typical responses | -way one typically adjusts or responds to envir -eg being happy go lucky, shy |
| role related bx | -how one acts in particular social situation -eg bx as a student, parent, or friend |
| psychodynamic approach | -bx is determined by several unconscious, constantly changing factors that often conflice w/ one another -emphaiss is placed on understanding the person as a whole rather tahn identifiying isolated traits |
| trait approach | -bx is determined by relatively stable traits taht are fundamental units of personality -these traits predispose one to act in certain way, regardless of situation |
| big 5 model of personality components | 1. neuroticism 2. extroversion 3. openness to experience 4. agreeableness 5. conscientiousness |
| perfectionism | -multidemensional construct taht consists of various conponents, including setting high standards, feeling concern over mistakes, and being highly organized -can lead to highly positive and extremely negative consequences (maladaptive versus adaptive) |
| situational approach | -bx is determined by situation or envir -situation is more important determinant of bx that particular personality traits -situational approach is not as widely embraced by most sport psychologists |
| interactional approach | -bx determined by both person and situational factors as well as by interaction -majority go with this theory |
| phenomenological approach | -bx is best determined by accounting for situational and personal characteristics -person's understanding and interpretation of one's self and environment are critical -phenomenological view is often stressed by today's sport psych |
| research support for psychodynamic approach | -current impact: has little infl and hasnt been adopted by mst contemporary s.p. -weakness-focuses almost entirely on internal determinants of bx, giving little att to socl envir -conrtibution-has incr awareness that unconscious determinants of bx exist |
| research support for trait approach | -current impact-little infl -weakness: knowing traits will not always help predict bx in particular situations -contrivution: emphasizes imprtance of traits and measurement of such dispositions |
| research support for situational approach | -current impact: little -weakness: situation will not always infl indiv bx -contrivution: emphasizes importance of situation |
| suppor for interactional | -current impact: considerable infl and adopted by mst contemporary s.p. -contribution: consideration of both trait and situational variables and thieir interaction |
| -current impact-considerable infl and adopted by s.p. -contribution: contrib of person's interpretation of one's self and envir while considering both trait and situational variables and their interaction | |
| findings in personality research | -some relat exists b/w personality traits and states and sport performance, but it is far from perfect or precise -no single definitive personality profile ahs been found taht ocnsistently distinguishes athlets from nonathletes - |
| start at pg 12 |
Created by:
Jamie D
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