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Leach Soc Chapter 2
Leach Sociology Terms Chapter 2
Question | Answer |
---|---|
culture | shared products of human groups |
material culture | physical objects created by human groups |
nonmaterial culture | abstract human creations |
society | group of mutually interdependent people who have organized in such a way as to share a common culture and have a feeling of unity |
technology | knowledge and tools people use for practical purposes |
language | organization of written and spoken symbols into a standardized system |
values | shared beliefs about what is good or bad, right or wrong, desireable or undesireable |
norms | shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations |
folkways | norms, that do not have great moral significance |
mores | norms that have great moral significance attached to them |
laws | written rules of conduct that are enacted and enforced by the government |
culture trait | individual tool, act or belief that is related to a particular situation or need. |
culture complexes | clusters, of interrelated culture traits |
culture patterns | combination of a number of culture complexes into an interrelated whole |
cultural universals | common features that are found in all human cultures |
ethnocentrism | tedency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups |
cultural relativism | belief that cultures should be judged by their own standards |
subculture | group with its own unique values, norms and behaviors that exists within a larger culture |
counterculture | group that rejects the values, norms and practices of the larger society and replaces them with a new set of cultural patterns |