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Pelvic Girdle ch17
Lippert ch.17 - Pelvic Girdle Stucture - p.247-252
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| name the 4 bones that make up the pelvic girdle | sacrum, coccyx, & 2 hip bones |
| name the 3 bones that make up the hip | ilium, ischium, pubis |
| Where are the sacroiliac joints located? | posterolaterally, between the sacrum and the left & right ilium bones |
| Where is the sypmphysis pubis located? | anteriorly, between the left & right pubic bones |
| Where is the lumbosacral joint located? | superiorly, between L5 & S1, where the spine meets the sacrum |
| What is the pelvic girdle also referred to as? | the pelvis |
| How many planes does the pelvic girdle move in during walking? | 3 |
| What important function does the pelvic girdle provide during movement & posture? | supports weight of vertebral column and passes force on to hips (also works conversely when foot contacts the ground) |
| false pelvis | aka: greater or major pelvis; bony area between iliac crests & is superior to pelvic inlet |
| How many PELVIC organs are within the false pelvis? | None |
| pelvic inlet | line from sacral promontory posteriorly to superior boarder of symphysis pubis anteriorly |
| true pelvis | aka: lesser or minor pelvis; area between pelvic inlet & pelvic outlet |
| pelvic outlet | line from end of coccyx to inferior surface of pubic symphysis |
| pelvic cavity | true pelvic area; contains portions of GI tract, urinary tract, some reproductive organs , & birth canal |
| How does the superior opening into the pelvic cavity differ between genders? | male = heart shaped / female = oval |
| Which gender's pelvic cavity is longer and more funnel shaped? | males |
| Which gender has a wider & more rounded pelvic arch? | females |
| Which gender has their acetabula & ischial tuberosities further apart? | females |
| What type of joint is the sacroiliac joint? | synovial, nonaxial, plane joint with irregular surfaces |
| Is the sacroiliac joint very stable? | yes |
| Is the sacroiliac joint very mobile? | no |
| What is a synovial joint's articular surface lined with? | hyaline cartilage |
| nutation | aka: sacral flexion; base (top) of sacrum moves anteriorly & inferiorly, coccyx moves posteriorly |
| counternutation | aka: sacral extension; base (top) of sacrum moves posteriorly & superiorly, coccyx moves anteriorly |
| Does the PELVIC INLET become larger during nutation or counternutation? | counternutation |
| Does the PELVIC OUTLET become larger during nutation or counternutation? | nutation |
| What motions must happen to allow for nutation? | trunk flexion or hip extension |
| What motions must happen to allow for counternutation? | trunk extension or hip flexion |
| Which occurs 1st during childbirth: nutation or counternutation? | early labor = counternutation / later stages of labor = nutation |
| How many fused vertebrae make up the sacrum? | 5 |
| Is the anterior surface (or pelvic surface)of the sacrum convex or concave? | concave |
| What is the name of the ridge projecting along the anterior edge of the body of S1 on the sacrum? | promontory |
| What is the name of the lateral flared wings of the sacrum that are actually fused transverse processes? | ala |
| Name the bony landmark that is shaped similar to the external ear & is located on the lateral surface of the sacrum. | auricular surface |
| What is the superior surface of S1 called? | the BASE of the sacrum |
| What bony landmark serves as an exit for the anterior & posterior divisions of sacral nerves? | foramina |
| Where is the superior articular process of the sacrum located? | posteriorly on base; articulates with inferior articular process of L5 |
| What part of the hip bone does the ilium make up? | the superior part of the hip |
| iliac tuberosity | large, roughened area, posterior, between iliac crest & articular surface (where interosseous ligament attaches) |
| auricular surface of the ilium | earlike shape, where ilium articulates with sacrum |
| iliac crest | superior ridge of ilium |
| Posterior Superior Iliac Spine (PSIS) | posterior projection of iliac crest, where posterior sacroiliac ligaments attach |
| Posterior Inferior Iliac Spine (PIIS) | inferior to PSIS, where sacrotuberous ligament attaches |
| greater sciatic notch | formed by ilium superiorly & the ilium & ischium inferiorly |
| greater sciatic foramen | sciatic nerve passes through this opening |
| ischium | inferior to ilium & posterior to pubis |
| ischial body | all of ischium that is superior to ischial tuberosity |
| lesser sciatic notch | inferior to greater sciatic notch; just below ischial spine, but above the ischial tuberosity |
| ischial spine | between greater & lesser sciatic notches; provides attachment for sacrospinous ligament |
| ischial tuberosity | blunt, rough projection on the inferior part of the body; bears weight while sitting |
| Why does the sacroiliac joint have so many ligaments? | to absorb lots of stress while providing great stability |
| pubic symphysis joint | fibrocartilage disk at midline between right & left pubic bones (amphiarthrodial joint = little movement) |
| Where is the pubis located in the hip? | inferior to ilium, anterior to ischium |
| pubic body | between superior & inferior rami |
| pubic tubercle | projection anteriorly off superior pubic ramus, where superior pubic ligament attaches |
| superior pubic rami | superior projection of pubic body |
| inferior pubic rami | inferior projection of pubic body, where inferior pubic ligament attaches |
Created by:
jteich
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