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Shoulder Girdle p121

Lippert ch.9 - Shoulder Girdle (muscles) pages 121-127

QuestionAnswer
5 primary muscles that move the scapula (aka: muscles of the shoulder girdle) Trapezius, Levator scapula, Rhomboids, Serratus anterior, Pectoralis minor
3 parts of the Trapezius muscle upper, middle, & lower
Upper Trap: ORIGIN Occipital bone, nuchal ligament on upper cervical spinous process
Upper Trap: INSERTION Outer 1/3 of clavicle, acromion process
Upper Trap: ACTION Scapular elevation and upward rotation
Upper Trap: NERVE Spinal accessory (CN XI), C3-C4 sensory component
Upper Trap: line of pull more UPWARD than inward
Middle Trap: ORIGIN spinous processes of C7-T3
Middle Trap: INSERTION Scapular spine
Middle Trap: ACTION Scapular retraction
Middle Trap: NERVE Spinal accessory (CN XI), C3-C4 sensory component
Middle Trap: line of pull INWARD
Lower Trap: ORIGIN spinous processes of middle and lower thoracic vertebrae
Lower Trap: INSERTION Base of scapular spine
Lower Trap: ACTION Scapular depression and upward rotation
Lower Trap: NERVE Spinal accessory (CN XI), C3-4 sensory component
Lower Trap: line of pull more DOWNWARD than inward
Levator Scapula: ORIGIN transverse process of 1st 4 cervical vertebra
Levator Scapula: INSERTION Vertebral border of scapula between sup angle and spine
Levator Scapula: ACTION Scapular elevation and downward rotation
Levator Scapula: NERVE 3rd-4th cervical nerves and dorsal scapular nerve (C5)
Levator Scapula: line of pull diagonal, mostly vertical
Rhomboids: ORIGIN spinous processes of C7-T5, and nuchal ligament
Rhomboids: INSERTION Vertebral border of scapular between spine and inferior angle
Rhomboids: ACTION Scapular retraction, elevation, and downward rotation
Rhomboids: NERVE Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)
Rhomboids: line of pull oblique
Pectoralis minor: ORIGIN Anterior surface of ribs 3-5
Pectoralis minor: INSERTION Coracoid process of scapula
Pectoralis minor: ACTION Scapular depression, protraction, downward rotation, and tilt
Pectoralis minor: NERVE Medial Pectoral (C8, T1)
Pectoralis minor: line of pull downward diagonal, pulls top part of scapula forward while the bottom tips "out"
Serratus Anterior: ORIGIN lateral surface of upper 8 ribs
Serratus Anterior: INSERTION vertebral border of scapula, anterior surface
Serratus Anterior: ACTION scapular protraction and upward rotation
Serratus Anterior: NERVE Long thoracic (C5,6,7)
Serratus Anterior: line of pull nearly horizontal line outward
What do all 5 shoulder girdle muscles have in common? all have origins on the trunk
Of the 3 posterior shoulder girdle muscles, which is the most superficial? trapezius
Where is the pectoralis minor located? anterior side, but deep to pectoralis major
force couple muscles pulling in different directions to accomplish the same motion
What 3 muscles produce a net effect of UPWARD scaplar rotation? upper trap, lower trap, & serratus anterior
What 3 muscles produce a net effect of DOWNWARD scaplar rotation? pectoralis minor, rhomboids, & levator scapula (must also accompany EXTENSION of shoulder joint)
reversal of muscle action (origin moves toward insertion) allows some shoulder girdle muscles to assist in other joints (i.e. head & neck)
Which muscle can assist head and neck extension, side bending/laterally bending to same/ipsilateral side, and rotation to opposite/contralateral side? upper trap
Which muscle can assist in elevating the trunk? lower trap
Which muscle can move the neck when the scapula is stabilized? levator scapula
Which muscle can assist rotating and laterally bending the neck ispilaterally? levator scapula (assists the splenius cervicis)
Created by: jteich
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