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Ecology (Chapter 5)
IB HL Biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a species? | A group of organisms that can be interbreed and produce fertile offspring with a common gene pool (common genetic background). |
| What is a habitat? | The environment in which a species normally lives or the location of a living organism. |
| What is a population? | A group of organisms of the same species who live in the same area at the same time. |
| What is a community? | A group of populations living and interacting with each other in an area. |
| What is an ecosystem? | A community and its abiotic environment. |
| What is ecology? | The study of relationships between living organisms and between organisms and their environment. |
| What is an autotroph? | An organism that synthesizes its organic molecules from simple inorganic substances. |
| What is a heterotroph? | An organism that obtains organic molecules from other organisms. |
| What is a consumer? | An organism that ingests other organic matter that is living or recently killed. |
| What is a detritivore? | An organism that ingests non-living organic mater. |
| What is a saprotroph? | An organism that lives on or in non-living organic matter, secreting digestive enzymes into it and absorbing the products of digestion. |
| What is a food web? | A diagram of the elaborate interconnected relationships within an ecosystem based on feeding and energy transfer. |
| What is a trophic level? | The position that an organism occupies in a food chain or a group of organisms in a community that occupy the same position in food chains. |
| What is the siginificance of light in ecology? | It is the initial energy source for almost all communities. |
| How does energy flow in a food chain? | In a _____, energy flows by: energy losses between trophic levels including: 1) material not consumed 2) material not assimilated 3) heat loss through cell respiration |
| During an energy transfer, how much energy is lost? | 90% on energy is lost |
| What are the reasons for the shape of the energy pyramids? | These illustrate the quantity of energy within the biomass of each trophic level only a portion of energy in any level is transferred to the next, commonly being 10-20% of the plant biomass consumed by a typical herbivore |
Created by:
Sweet Kay
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