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Aquatics2011Final
Review for Aquatic Science 2011 Final Exam
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Which gas is associated with ocean acidification? | Carbon dioxide (CO2) |
List threats to the animals in the Gulf of Mexico? | Marine Debris, Chemical Pollution, Human Activities (fishing, boats, building), Oil |
List the oceans in order from largest to smallest. | Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Arctic |
flowering plants adapted to live submerged in seawater | seagrasses |
List the three physical factors that strongly influence seagrass beds. | Water motion (currents & waves), light & temperature |
In echinoderms, body parts usually occur in multiples of | five |
In an echinoderm, the structure that operates like a living suction cup is the | tube foot |
In an echinoderm, movement is control by the | water vascular system |
They usually have an external or internal shell. They are soft-bodied animals. They all have a foot and mantle | mollusks |
organisms that live in the substrate of the ocean bottoms | infauna |
What are some primary producers typical of the upper intertidal on rocky shores? | algae |
What does molting enable arthropods to do? | grow |
What are the semi-enclosed areas where fresh water and sea water mix? | estuaries |
Species that can tolerate a wide range of salinities | euryhaline |
Organisms that allow their body fluids to match the salinity of the surrounding water | osmoconformers |
What is the function of scales in fish? | protection |
What are functions of the gills in a fish? | gas exchange |
One particular feature found in bony fishes but absent in cartilaginous fishes | swim bladder |
Crabs, Spiders & Insects | Phylum Arthropoda |
Sea Spiders & Horseshoe Crabs | Subphylum Chelicerata |
Barnacles, Copepods & Crabs | Subphylum Crustacea |
Sea Squirts, Tunicates, Amphioxus, Mammals, Fish | Phylum Chordata |
Fish, Birds, Mammals & Reptiles | Subphylum Vertebrata |
Corals, Jellyfish, Hydrozoans, Box Jellies | Phylum Cnidaria |
Comb Jellies | Phylum Ctenophora |
Starfish, Sea Urchins, Brittle Stars, Sea Cucumbers | Phylum Echinodermata |
Clams, Squids, Snails, & Chitons | Phylum Mollusca |
Sponges | Phylum Porifera |
Class Cirripedia | Barnacles |
Class Copepoda | Copepods |
Class Malacostraca | Crabs, Shrimp & Isopods |
Class Actinopterygii | Bony Fish |
Class Agnatha | Jawless Fish |
Class Aves | Birds |
Class Chondrichthyes | Cartilaginous Fish |
Class Mammalia | Mammals |
Class Sarcopterygii | Lobe-finned Fishes |
Class Reptilia | Reptiles |
Class Anthozoa | Corals & Sea Anemones |
Class Cubozoa | Box Jellies |
Class Hydrozoans | Portuguese Man-o-War |
Class Scyphozoa | Jellyfish |
Class Asteriodea | Starfish |
Class Crinoidea | Sea Lilies |
Class Echinoidea | Sea Urchins & Sanddollars |
Class Holothuroidea | Sea Cucumbers |
Class Ophiuroidea | Brittle Stars |
Class Bivalvia | Clams |
Class Cephalopoda | Octopus |
Class Gastropoda | Snails |
a type of external fertilization that is very common in oviparous bony fishes | spawning |
structures used to bring gases to the roots of mangroves | pneumatophores |
What are pollutants that do not have a single point of origin? | Nonpoint Source Pollution |
Producer, Single cells, Include the smallest plankton, Remain near the surface | Phytoplankton |
Consumers (including herbivores & carnivores); Single or multicellular; May vertically migrate (to a depth of 200m) during the day for protection but resurface at night to feed. | Zooplankton |
What term refers to any of the different types of molluscs and crustaceans that are caught for food? | shellfish |
lasts indefinitely because the number of fish caught each year is less than the number added to the population through reproduction and survival. | sustainable fishtery |
What is the term for all of the organisms that are caught unintentionally while fishing for other species? | by-catch |
What are species are considered when they are in immediate danger of disappearing forever? | endangered |