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7th grade - Science
Chapter 15: Modern Genetics Vocabulary
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Three or more forms of a gene that code for a single trait | Multiple alleles |
One of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in each body cell; carry genes that determine whether they are male or female. | Sex chromosomes |
Genes of the X and Y chromosomes; the alleles are passed from parent to child on sex chromosomes | Sex-linked gene |
A person who has one recessive and one dominant allele for a trait | Carrier |
An abnormal condition that a person inherits through genes or chromosomes | Genetic disorder |
A chart or "family tree" that tracks which family members have a certain trait | Pedigree |
A picture of all the chromosomes in a cell | Karyotype |
The process of selecting a certain organism with the desired traits | Selective breeding |
Crossing two individuals that have similar characteristics | Inbreeding |
Breeders cross two genetically different individuals | Hybridization |
An organism that has exactly the same genes as the organism from which it was produced | Clone |
Genes from one organism are transferred into the DNA of another organism | Genetic engineering |
Involves inserting copies of a gene directly into a person's cells, used to correct genetic disorders | Gene therapy |
All the DNA in one cell of an organism | Genome |