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other systems 4

Gastrointestinal Anatomy and Function

QuestionAnswer
Upper Gastrointestinal System Mouth: Esophagus: Stomach:
Mouth: Initiation of mechanical and chemical digestion
Esophagus: Transports food from mouth to stomach
Stomach: Grinding of food;
Stomach secretion of hydrochloric acid and other exocrine functions;
Stomach secretion of hormones that release digestive enzymes from the liver, pancreas, and gallbladder to assist with digestion
Lower Gastrointestinal System Duodenum, Jejunum Ileum, Ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid, rectum, anus
Duodenum: neutralizes acid in food from stomach and mixes pancreatic and biliary secretions with food
Jejunum: absorbs water, electrolytes, and nutrients
Ileum: absorbs bile and intrinsic factors to be recycled
Ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid, rectum, anus: continues to absorb water and electrolytes;
Ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid, rectum, anus stores and eliminates undigested food as feces
Gland Organs Gall bladder Liver Pancreas
Gall bladder: stores and releases bile into the duodenum to assist with digestion
Liver: Bile is produced and is necessary for absorption of lipid soluble substances;
Liver assists with red blood cell and vitamin K production;
Liver regulates serum level of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
Pancreas: Exocrine-secretes bicarbonate and digestive enzymes into duodenum;
Pancreas Endocrine-secretes insulin, glucagon, and other hormones into the blood to regulate serum glucose level
Created by: micah10
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