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Nat. Review chpt. 7b
Muscles that act on the arm
Muscle | Attachment 1 (origin) | Attachment 2 (insertion) | Action 1 | Action 2 | Other actions | Innervation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Deltiod | Lateral clavicle, acromion process, and spine of the scapula | Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus | Anterior: flexion, horizontal adduction, and medial (internal) rotation of the arm | Middle: Abduction | Posterior: Extension, horizontal abduction, and lateral (external) rotation of the arm | Axillary Nerve |
Pectoralis Major | Medial clavicle, sternum, and costal cartilages of ribs 1-7 | Lateral lip of the bicipital groove of the humerus | Adduction of the arm | Horizontal adduction of the arm | Medial (internal) rotationof the arm, flexion of the arm, extension of the arm | Medial and lateral pectoral nerves |
Coracobrachialis | Coracoid process of the scapula | Middle of the medial border of the humerus | Flexion of the arm | Adduction of the arm | Horizontal adduction | Musculocutaneous Nerve |
Biceps Brachii | Supraglenoid tubercle and coracoid process of the scapula | Radial tuberosity | Forearm flexion | Forearm supination | Shoulder flexion | Musculocutaneous Nerve |
Latissimus dorsi (the "lats") | Spinous processes of T7 to L5, posterior sacrum, posterior iliac crest | Medial lip of the bicipital groove of the humerus | Extension of the arm | Medial (internal) rotation of the arm | Adduction of the arm | Thoracodorsal Nerve |
Teres major | Inferior lateral border of the scapula | Medial lip of the bicipital groove of the humerus | Medial (internal) rotation of the arm | Adduction of the arm | Extension of the arm | Lower Subscapular Nerve |
Teres minor | Superior lateral border of the scapula | Greater tubercle of the humerus | Lateral (external) rotation of the arm | Extension of the arm | Axillary Nerve | |
Infraspinatus | Infraspinous fossa of the scapula | Greater tubercle of the humerus | Lateral (external) rotation of the arm | Extension of the arm | Suprascapular nerve | |
Triceps brachii | Infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula and posterior shaft of the humerus | Olecranon process of the ulna | Forearm extension | Shoulder extension | Radial Nerve | |
Subscapularis | Subscapular fossa of the scapula | Lesser tubercle of the humerus | Medial (internal) rotation of the arm | Upper and lower subscapular Nerves | ||
Supraspinatus | Supraspinous fossa of the scapula | Greater tubercle of the humerus | Abduction of the arm | Suprascapular nerve | ||
Brachialis | Distal 1/2 of the anterior shaft of the humerus | Ulnar tuberosity | Flexion of the forearm | Musculocutaneous Nerve | ||
Anconeus | Lateral epicondyle of the humerus | Olecranon process of the ulna | Extension of the forearm | Radial Nerve | ||
Brachioradialis | Lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus | Styloid process of the radius | Forearm flexion | Radial Nerve | ||
Pronator teres | Medial epicondyle of the humerus and coronoid process of the ulna | Lateral radius | Forearm pronation | Forearm flexion | Median Nerve | |
Pronator quadratus | Anterior distal ulna | Anterior distal radius | Pronation of the forearm | Median Nerve | ||
Supinator | Lateral epicondyle of the humerus and the proximal ulna | Proximal 1/3 of the radius | Supination of the forearm | Radial Nerve |