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Block2 Exam3
Neuro, Endocrine & Repro
Question | Answer |
---|---|
How often is a mammogram recommended? At what age does it start? | Yearly mammograms starting at age 40. |
Explain risk factors for breast cancer. | Female, age >50, family hx, early menarche, late menopause, alcohol consumption. |
PSA | Prostatic Specific Antigen- used to detect prostate cancer. Also a sensitive test for monitoring response to therapy. Normal value is <4 ng/Ml |
what is the PSA test used to diagnose | prostate-specific antigen blood test. 0 to 4 ng/ml prostatic pathology, although not necessarily prostate cancer. When prostate cancer exists, useful marker of tumor volume (higher PSA, greater tumor mass). |
Describe a BSE, S/S of breast cancer | start at 20. under arm lumps, hard knot, or thickening of tissue. finger pads to firmly press every part. Look in mirror. Raise arms any changes shape, dimpling, hands on hips and press down, lying down. hard, irregularly nonmobile, nontender. |
Describe a TSE, S/S of testicular cancer | 14yrs. painless lump in his scrotum, as well as scrotal swelling and a feeling of heaviness. dull ache. |
why is ovarian cancer usually diagnosed late | Most women with ovarian cancer have advanced disease at diagnosis. In the early stages, clinical manifestations are vague and may include a pattern of general abdominal discomfort. Pain is not an early symptom. |