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WWMS 8 Hist Review
Review for 8th Grade testing
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What type of government divides power between a national and local governments? | A Federal system |
What is the division of authority between branches of government called? | Separation of power |
What type of government has the people elect someone to represent them? | Republic |
One of the main passes through the Appalachian Mountains was? | Cumberland Gap |
Most explorers were looking for an all-water route through the American continent. What was it called? | Northwest Passage |
The settlers of the Plymouth Colony were members of what religious group? | Separatists |
The settlers of Massachusetts Bay were members of what religious group? | Puritans |
Pennsylvania was founded by William Penn to be a safe place for what religiously tolerant group? | Quakers |
The first successful British Colony in the Americas was? | Jamestown |
Which amendments are referred to as the "Civil War Amendments"? | The 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments. |
What was the belief called that the United States was garaunteed to eventually stretch to the Pacific Ocean? | Manifest Destiny |
In a democratic government, who has the final authority? | The people |
What was the first document to create a national government in the United States? | Articles of Confederation |
Forcing people to serve in a navy is called? | Impressment |
A tax on imported goods is known as? | Tariff or duty |
What conflict was caused by the argument of state powers versus federal powers? | The Civil War |
What invention helped make cotton one of the most profitable crops in the 1800's South? | Cotton Gin |
Which Amendment to the Constitution promises the right to petition the government for a redress of grievances. | 1st Amendment |
The first 10 Amendments to the Constitution are referred to as what? | The Bill of Rights |
The right to "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness" is garaunteed in what document? | The Declaration of Independence |
What state was annexed by the United States, which helped lead to the Mexican-American War? | Texas |
The Supreme Court case Marbury v. Madison resulted in courts gaining what important power? | Judicial Review (the ability to declare a law unconstitutional) |
What Supreme Court case in the 1800's declared that African-Americans were not citizens of the United States? | Dred Scott v. Sanford |
What were those who supported a stronger central government called? | Federalists |
How long does a Supreme Court Justice hold their appointment? | For life. |
What economic activity did many early French settlers practice in North America? | Fur trade. |
The movement of goods, people, and ideas between the eastern and western hemisphere was known as what? | Columbian Exchange |
What economic theory did European nations follow in their creation of colonies? | Mercantilism |
What did Europeans bring from Europe that was the most destructive to Native Americans? | Diseases |
Who had the right to vote in English colonies? | White men. |
What was the Christian Revival in the mid-1700s called? | Great Awakening |
How did many American colonists get around the Navigation Acts? | Smuggling |
What made many African Americans side with the British in the American Revolution? | The promise of freedom. |
What was the rebellion by the Ottawa nation against the British known as? | Pontiac's War |
The Proclamation Line of 1763 told forbid American colonists from settling west of what geographic feature? | The Appalachian Mountains |
What did American's call the laws passed by Parliament to punish America for the Boston Tea Party? | The Intolerable Acts |
What were the first battles of the American Revolution known as the "Shot heard 'round the world"? | Lexington and Concord |
What was unique about the American Declaration of Independence compared to other declarations of independence? | It gave a list of grievances. |
What battle in the Revolutionary War convinced other countries that we had a chance of winning? | Battle of Saratoga |
Colonists who fought for the British were known as? | Loyalists |
Who wrote the Declaration of Independence? | Thomas Jefferson |
Whose name has come to mean "traitor" in the United States? | Benedict Arnold |
What were those who opposed ratifying the Constitution called? | Antifederalists |
What did many opponents to the Constitution want added before they would support it? | A bill of rights |
How many branches did the national government have under the Articles of Confederation? | One |
The agreement that decided how representation in Congress would be chosen was known as? | The Great Compromise |
What is a change or addition to the Constitution called? | Amendment |
What laws under John Adams prevented many immigrants from gaining citizenship and restricted free speech? | Alien and Sedition Acts |
What were the first two true political parties in the United States? | Federalists and Democratic-Republicans |
Which political party supported the French revolution? | Democratic-Republicans |
What was the American belief that the nation was supposed to stretch across the continent? | Manifest Destiny |
The Whig party was formed to oppose what political figure? | Andrew Jackson |
What concept developed during the industrial revolution allowed for quick assembly and easy repair of goods. | Interchangable parts |
The laws concerning the activities of African Americans in the south in the 1800's were known as? | Slave codes |
What was the bill by Freesoilers and future Republicans that attempted to prevent slavery in new territories? | Wilmot Proviso |
President Lincoln waited until the victory at what battle to announce the Emancipation Proclaimation? | Antietam |
What failed bill would have prevented the spread of slavery into territory gained in the Mexican-American War? | Wilmot Priviso |
What religious group began settling in Utah in the 1840s? | Mormons |
This state fought a "mini-Civil War" between pro- and anti-slavery forces. | Kansas |
The Compromise of 1850 admitted what state as a free state? | California |
In 1836, what state won its independence from Mexico but was not admitted to the United States? | Texas |
What book is sometimes credited with hastening the coming of the Civil War? | Uncle Tom's Cabin |
What was the first convention in support of women's rights? | Seneca Falls Convention |
Horace Mann is most closely associated with? | Education |
The workers at the Lowell Massachusettes were mostly? | Women |
What canal enabled Midwest farmers to ship goods to New York City more quickly? | Erie Canal |
What change did most states make in voting requirements by the 1830s? | White men did not have to own property to vote. |
In 1819, the Supreme Court ruled in McCullough v. Maryland that? | States had no power to interfere with federal institutions |
The forced removal removal of the Cherokees to Oklahoma was known as the? | Trail of Tears |
What Supreme Court decision established the principle of judicial review? | Marbury v. Madison |
Triangular trade occurred between these three regions: Africa, the islands of the Caribbean, and ____________________? | The colonies |
What mountain chain is located in the eastern United States and is closest to Mt. Juliet? | Appalachian Mountains |
This was the movement of people, products, animals, and ideas between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres? | Columbian Exchange |
This man explored the islands of the Caribbean Sea, looking for a westward route to Asia, which he thought he had found. | Christopher Columbus |
What product became the economic backbone of the early English colonies in America, such as Jamestown? | Tobacco |
The first document creating a government in the New World was? | Mayflower Compact |
What religious group were some of the first abolitionists in the United States? | Quakers |
The trial of John Peter Zenger helped establish what important right in the American Colonies? | Freedom of the Press |
What early English document set limits on the power of the government and king? | Magna Carta |
What Supreme Court Chief Justice presided over the landmark cases of Marbury v. Madison, Gibbons v. Ogden, and McCulloch v. Maryland? | John Marshall |
What policy said that the United States would not allow European nations to retake former colonies in the Americas? | Monroe Doctrine |
What ethnic group made up the most immigrants to the United States in the 1800's? | Irish |
What is the idea that states can declare a law unconstitutional known as? | Nullification |
What documents spelled out the idea of Nullification? | Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions |
Who was the first president to veto a bill for political reasons? | Andrew Jackson (vetoed Bank of the United States charter renewal) |
What president is responsible for much of the growth of the United States during the age of Manifest Destiny? | James K. Polk |
Where was the last major battle in the Western Theater of the U.S. Civil War? | Battle of Nashville |
What Amendment ended slavery in the United States? | 13th Amendment |
What Amendment overturned the Dred Scott decision by making African-Americans citizens of the United States? | 14th Amendment |
What organization was formed during Reconstruction and used violence to intimidate African-Americans? | Ku Klux Klan |
What English colony was originally started by James Oglethorpe as a colony for debtors to work off their debts? | Georgia |
What Native American tribe did Tennesseans negotiate treaties with most often for land and peace? | The Cherokee |