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US History test 2
America moves to the City
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What were the statistics on growth of American cities? | It increased from 6 million to 44 million; 1/2 (50%) agrigulture population but in 1910 less than 1/3 of population was agriculture. Cities increased to 100,000. Filthy conditions. In Chicago 3/5 babies were born in less than a yr. |
| What were the reasons for immigration to America? | Land of opportunity; "American Fever"; 75% to NYC |
| Buitlt on the tip of Manhattan, 12 million or 40% of today citizens, ancesestors arrived here? | Ellis Island |
| What did the French give in 1886? | The Staute of Liberty |
| Emma Lazarus in english means what? | "The New Colossus"? |
| What was the Nativst response to immigration? | Americans sounded an alarm, provided low wages to miner and railroad, violence between Irish and Catholics (no catholic teachers), Immigration Restriction League, Laws to exclude certain groups. |
| What acts had restrictions on immigration? | Chinese Exlusion Act 1882,Immigration Act 1924 |
| It targeted some ethnic groups in Europe and heled others | Immigration Act of 1924 |
| What were some aspects of the Guilded Age Politics? | Weak presidents, very high voter turnout, few major issues, divided government all but one president was Republican, congress controlled by Democrats. |
| Roscoe Conkling, "Stalwarts" -Chester Arthur; and James G. Blain, "Half-breeds"- Garfield | split in Republican Party |
| The 1880 election | Republican- Hayes 1 term - NO to Grant; 36th ballot: James Garfield-Pres, Chester Arthur- VP.Democrat-Winfield-Hancock; 214-155; deluged by office seekers. |
| He shot President Garfield, seen as a joke, insane- "I am a Stalwart, Arthur is now President of the U.S." | Charles Guiteau |
| He was the 3rd President and had been fired by Hayes 3yrs earlier. | Chester Arthur |
| Pendleton Act 1883 | |
| Civil Service Commission | |
| 1884 Election | Rep. James G. Blainevs vs Dem. Grover Cleveland |
| "Mulligan Letters" | "Burn this letter" Boaine for honesty to r/r lawyer. |
| "Mugwumps" | disgusted & leave party |
| In NYC, Blaine appears to support an attack on Democrats as party of "Rum, Romanism, & Rebellion | they alienated Irish Catholics |
| The result of 1884 election | Grover Cleveland wins NY by less than 1,200 votes; He wins electoral college 219-182; 36 votes in NY |
| 1888 election | Dem.Grover Cleveland, Rep. Ben Harrison; Campaign Tariff issue; RESULT Harrison 233-168 by electoral college < 7,000 votes NY & Indiana |
| western land | protect 81m acres |
| Interstate Commerce Commision | Very weak |
| tarrif issue | Rep. want high protective tariff; Dem. want low tariff |
| Pension Act 1890 | Surplus ends called "boondogle" |
| Sherman anti-trust act | used to break up labor unions |
| Sherman Silver Purchase Act | |
| McKinley Tariff | raised and leads to inflation |
| Problems of the farmer | Decline in commodity prices-overproduction-foreign competition; high tariffs hurt agricultural West & helped industrial in East; RR rates unfair to farmers;interest rates 8-40% or more; defaltion |
| Leader figures fighting for the farmers | Mary Elizabeth Lease; "Sockless" Jerry Simpson; Tom Watson |
| Populist (people's) party | goals: Siver-Bi-metal, graduated in one tax, intiative & referendum & recall; direct election of senators; 8 hr work day |
| 1892 election | Rep. B. Harrison, Dem. G. Cleveland, populist James Weaver; Campaign Tariff & Monetary policy; Result- GC 277, BH 145, JW 22 including Colorado. |
| Populist elected Governor of Colorado | Davis Waite |
| Cleveland's Second Term | |
| Depression of 1893 | 4 years; worst in American History; 8,000 businesses collapse (rr's, banks, mines;750,000 on strike; bad in CO; gov response: "laissez-faire" -hands-off |
| Jacob "Coxey's" Army | marched on capital, arrested for being on grass |
| 1896 election | Dem. William Jennings Bryan vs Rep. William McKinley |
| William Jennings Bryan | Refuse to nominate Grover Cleveland, 36 yr old Nebraskan "Boy orator of the Platte"- Cross of Gold speech |
| William McKinley | Pro-Gold and Big business; raised big money for campaign |
| Marcus Hanna | raised 16 million for William Mckinlely's campaign. |
| The result of campaing for 1896 election was | William mcKinlely wins N&E 271 and William Bryan wins S&W 176: McKinley President |
| The expansion drive | social darwinism "survival of the fittests" Nation is either strong or weak |
| Alfred Thayer Mahan | Navy officer - a canal around South America Cape Horn of Cuba |
| Josiah Strong | nations have strong navies |
| Alaska | 1867- added as state expansionist |
| Hawaii | 1) missionaries 2) planters 3) pearl harbor 4) population of native Hawaiians less than 50% |
| Queen Liluokalani | resented by planters, she wanted greater hawaiian influence; treaty to annex Hawaii, apologized to queen and pulls treaty. |
| Cuba | colony of Spain, cubans resent spain, major U.S. economic investment, cuban revolt, many cubans die "Cuban Libre" free cuba. |
| Yellow Journalism | Newspaper; competition for readers; William Randolph and Joseph Pulitzer |
| Fredrick Remington | an artist or writer of History |
| the De Lome letter | from Spanish minister insulting McKinley, published Feb 9. |
| The Maine | a battleship sent to Havana Harobr it explodes and sinks 260 die. |
| the Teller Ammendment | couldn't annex Cuba |
| George Dewey | Spanish American war commander destroyed ships in Manila Bay. |
| Emilio Aguinaldo | Filipino leader |
| Manila Bay | US Navy victory during Spanish American War |
| the "Rough Riders" and Theodore Roosevelt | First Volulnteer Cavalry-TR was the lieutenant & second in command. |
| William Shafter | a major general |
| San Juan Hill | a battle attacked by a larger force |
| Treaty of Paris 1899 | ended the Spanish-American war |
| Platte Amendment | restricted independence of a new government |
| What were the results and the significance of the war? | Possession of islands and Foreign policy |
| What happened in the Phillipines? | A war that lasted more than 2yrs. Many died from massacres and torture. |
| Contract Labor Act of 1864 | Encouraged immigration by helping pay an mmigrants passage. |
| Frederick Law Olmstead | Desinger of Central Park an dother park to promote social stability and cohesion. |
| Dr.James Naismith | PE teacher invented basketball with two peach baskets to walls. |
| Alexander Cartwright | New York bank clerk and sportsman, recoginzed as the father of organized baseball. |
| Henry George | a social activist and journalist, wrote Progress and Poverty about "unearned increment" |
| Jane Addams | Settlement house leader |
| Charles W. Macune | the new alliance president proposed that Texas farmers create their own Alliance Exchange in an effort to free themselves from their dependence upon food processors and banks. "Subtreasury plan" |
| Tydings-McDuffie Act | offered the Phillipines independence after 10 years. |
| Foraker Act | established a civil government and residents were declared citizend of Puerto Rico but not US, also levied a temporary duty on imports from P.R. |
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Msmlb_93
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