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anatomy ch 2

QuestionAnswer
what are the three parts of a carbohydrate carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
what are monosaccharides simple sugars
examples of a monosaccharide glucose and fructose
what is a disaccharide 2 simple sugars condensed by dehydration synthesis
example of a disaccharide sucrose
what are polysaccharides many monosaccharides condensed by dehydration synthesis
examples of polysaccharides glycogen, starch, cellulose
what is a lipid mainly hyrophobic molecules such as fats, oils and waxes
what is a lipid made of mostly carbon and hydrogen atoms
examples of lipids fatty acids, fats, steroids, phospholipids
what are fatty acids long chains of carbon atoms with attached hydrogen atoms that end in a carboxylic acid group (energy source) (NON POLAR)
saturated means... with hydrogen
unsaturated means... one or more double bonds (mono=1 poly=1 or more)
how is a fat made fatty acids attach to a glycerol molecule
what are triglycerides and their fuction 3 fatty-acid tails. energy source, insulation, protection
what are steroids 4 rings of carbon and hydrogen with an assortment or functional groups
types of steroids cholesterol, estrogen & testosterone, corticosteroids & calcitriol, bile salts
what are phospholipids diglycerides, compnents of plasma (cell) membranes
What are proteins formed from amino acids & contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen
what are proteins most abundent and important organic molecules, basic building blocks (12 amino acids)
protein functions support, movement, transport, buffering, metabolic regulation, coordination and control, defense
what is denaturation loss of shape & function due to heat of pH
what is the function of an enzyme catalyst-proteins that lower the activation energy of a chemical reaction
what are nucleic acids large organic molecules found in the nucleus which store and process info. @ the molecular level
DNA stands for... Deoxyribonucleic acid
fuctions of DNA inherited characteristics, directs protein synthesis, controls enzyme produciton, controls metabolism
RNA stand for... ribonucleic acid
function of RNA controls intermediate steps in protein synthesis, copies genetic code
what are DNA and RNA made of strings of nucleotides
what are the 3 molecular parts of nucleotides a sugar, phosphate group, nitrogenous base
A always bonds with... T
G always bongs with... C
what is ATP a high-energy compound used by cells (most important h-e compound)
what is ATPase the enzyme that catalyzes phosphorylation
chemicals form functional unites called.... cells
what does ATP stand for adenosine triphosphate
how do cells make ATP by adding a phosphate group to ADP
proteins are chains of amino acids linked by... peptide bonds
Created by: elosa333
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