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Science Factts
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Involves using one or more of your senses-sight, hearing smell and sometimes taste | Observation |
| Interpretations based on observation and prior knowledge | Inferences |
| Factors that can effect the expirament | variables |
| The variable the scientist is changing | manipulated variable (independent variable) |
| the variable that changes as a result | responding variable (dependent variable) |
| the standard against which you compare your results of your expirament | control |
| the horazontal line titled with the manipulated variable | x-axis |
| the vertical line titled with the responding variable | Y-axis |
| (blank) is measured in meters and can be measured using a | (length) meter stick |
| organisms that make their own food, also known as producers | autotrophs |
| organisms that can't make their own food, they are known as consumers | heterotrophs |
| an organelle found only in plant cells that captures energy from sunlight and uses it to produce food for the cell | chloroplasts |
| cells capture energy from sunlight and use it to produce food | photosynthesis |
| photosynthesis equation: | CO2 + H20 -> C6H12O6 + O2 |
| All of the living and non-living things that interact in a partiular area make up an | ecosystem |
| the living parts of an ecosystem | biotic factors |
| The non-living parts of an ecosystem | abiotic factors |
| the things an organism needs to live grow and reproduce | habitat |
| all the members of one species in a particular area are referred to as a | population |
| all the different populations that live together in an area make up a | community |
| an enviornmental factor that prevents a population from increasing | limiting factor |
| (blank) obtain energy by breaking down waste and the remains of dead organisms | decomposers |
| show the flow of energy from organism to organism. In general energy flows from producers to consumers to decomposers in an ecosystem | food chains |
| an organism that consumes producers | primary consumer |
| an organism that feeds on primary consumers | secondary consumers |
| an organism that feeds on secondary consumers | tertiary consumer |
| anything that has mass and takes up space | matter |
| the ability to do work or cause change | energy |
| one or more of ONE type of atom bonded together | element |
| occurs when two or more elements are bonded together in a set ratio | compound |
| two or more substances that are mixed together but not chemically combined | mixture |
| can be observed without changing the substance into something else | physical property |
| is observed when a substance interacts with another substance | chemical property |
| a change that alters the form or appearance of a material but does not make it into another substance | physical change |
| a change in matter that produces a new substance | chemical change |
| a measurement of how much matter an object contains | mass |
| mass is measured with a | triple beam balance |
| the amount of space matter occupies is called | volume |
| volume is measured with | graduated cylinder |
| a physical property that relates the mass and volume of an object or material | density |
| the smallest particle of an element | atom |
| the force that holds two or more atoms together | chemical bond |
| what are the three subatomic particles | protons neutrons and electrons |
| the number of protons located in the nucleus of an atom | atomic number |
| the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom | atomic mass |
| a small positively charged particle in the nucleus of an atom | proton |
| a high-energy negatively charged particle that moves in the space outside of the nucleus of an atom | electron |
| a small uncharged particle found in the nucleus of an atom | nuetron |
| found in the nucleus | atoms mass |
| found out of the nucleus | atoms volume |
| the column on the periodic table are | groups/families |
| the rows on the periodic table | periods |
| substances that enter into a chemical equation | reactants |
| the substances formed during a chemical equation | products |
| the energy rich substances formed from the remains of once living organisms and a non renewable resource | fossile fuels |
| resources that take hundreds of millions of years to form | non renewable resources |
| constantly being supplied such as sunlight water biomass material and wind | renewable resources |
| resource so abundent or continuous that they do not require replacement | inexhaustable resource |
| the process by which heat is trapped in the atmosphere by water vapor, carbon dioxide, and other gasses | green house effect |
| divide the distance the object travels by the amount of time it takes to travel that distance (S=D/T) | speed |
| speed in a given direction | velocity |
| a relationship between two objects involving a push or pull | force |
| when all forces acting on an object are equal and will cause a change in the object's motion | balanced force |
| when all forces acting on an object are not equal and it will cause a change in the object's motion | unbalanced force |
| The sum of all forces acting on an object | net force |
| an object in motion or an object at rest will stay that way unless acted apon by an outside force. AKA | Newtons first law of motion LAW OF INERTIA |
| the tendency of an object to keep doing whatever it is doing at the moment | inertia |
| that the force on the object is equal to the mass on the object multiplied by the object's acceleration (F=MA) | Newton's second law |
| states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction | Newton's thrid law |
| The rate at which velocity changes. It involves increasing speed, decreasing speed, or changing direction | Acceleration |
| The energy of position | potential energy |
| the energy of motion | kinetic energy |
| related to the motion or position of matter | mechanical energy |
| two types of mechanincal energy | potential and kinetic |
| also known as heat energy | thermal energy |
| stored in the bonds between atoms; the energy is released when the bond is broken | chemical energy |
| crust and upper most part of mantle is broken in to a number of large peices called plates | lithosphere |
| According to the theory of (blank) the movement of the Earth's plates produces volcanoes mountain ranges earthquakes and features on the ocean floor | plate tectonics |
| The three types of rock that are involved in the rock cycle | sedimentary metamorphic and igneous |
| the hardness of a mineral is measured using | Moh's Hardness scale |
| The way a mineral reflects light off of its surface is called | luster |
| The movesment of particles from one location to another | erosion |
| the process of rock being broken down into smaller peices | weathering |
| water moves easily through materials when it is | permeable |
| water does not move easily through materials | impermeable |
| the (blank) energy comes from nuclear fusion | Sun's |
| Earths (blank) are due to the tilt of the earths access resulting in either direct or indirect sunlight striking the earths surface | seasons |
| the moon does not produce its own light; it | reflects light from the sun |
| the moon appears to be increasing in size | waxing |
| the moon appears to be decreasing in size | waning |
| the moon appears to be less than halfway full | cresent moon |
| the moon appears to be more than halfway full | gibbous moon |
| The transfer of heat through direct physical contact is called | conduction |
| The transfer of energy by electromaagnetic waves and does not require direct physical contact | radiation |
| the transfer of heat by movement of currents within a liquid or a gasis called | convection |
| a series of processes on and beneatht the earth's surface that slowly change rocks from one kind to another | rock cycle |
| water on earth is recycled through a process known as | the water cycle |
| the driving force of the water cycle is heat energy from | the sun |
| an underground layer of rock or soil that stores water | aquifer |
| when an object spins on its own access | rotation |
| when an object travels around another object in an orbit | revolution |
| controls what substances come in and out of the cell | cell membrane |
| Plant cells have this organelle that shaped and supports the cell | cell wall |
| directs all the cell activities | nucleus |
| the genetic material of a cell found in the nucleus | DNA |
| organelles that produce most of the energy the cell needs to carry out its functions | mitochondrea |
| An organelle that carries proteins and other materials from one part of the cell to another | Endoplasmic Reticulum |
| organelles that produce proteins inside of a cell | ribosomes |
| an organelle that is the storage area of the cell | vacuole |
| bacteria cells are called (blank)because they do not have a nucleus | prokaryotes |
| cells that contain a nucleus | eukaryotes |
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