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orthotic gait
NPTE, orthotic gait problems, physical therapy IER
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Initial Contact (Early Stance): Foot Slap;Forefoot Slaps the Ground (orthotic cause) | -inadequate DF assist -inadequate PF stop |
| Initial Contact (Early Stance): Foot Slap;Forefoot Slaps the Ground (anatomic cause) | -flaccid or weak DF |
| Initial Contact (Early Stance): Toes first; tiptoe posture may be held through stance (orthotic cause) | -inadequate heel lift -inadequate DF assist -inadequate PF stop -inadequate relief of heel pain |
| Initial Contact (Early Stance): Toes first; tiptoe posture may be held through stance (anatomic cause) | -short leg -pes equinus (toes extremely flexed) -extensor spasticity -heel pain |
| Initial Contact (Early Stance): Foot Flat contact; entire foot contacts ground at heel strike (orthotic cause) | -inadequate traction from sole -requires walking aid (ex: cane) -inadequate DF stop |
| Initial Contact (Early Stance): Foot Flat contact; entire foot contacts ground at heel strike (anatomic cause) | -poor balance -pes calcaneus (heel) |
| Initial Contact (Early Stance): Excessive medial (lateral) foot contact; medial (lateral) border contacts the floor (orthotic cause) | -transverse plane malalignment |
| Initial Contact (Early Stance): Excessive medial (lateral) foot contact; medial (lateral) border contacts the floor (anatomic cause) | -weak inverters (evertors) -pes valgus (varus) -genu valgum (varum) |
| Initial Contact (Early Stance): Excessive knee flexion; knee flexes or buckles as foot hits the ground (orthotic causes) | -inadequate knee lock -inadequate DF stop -PF stop -inadequate contralateral shoe lift |
| Initial Contact (Early Stance): Excessive knee flexion; knee flexes or buckles as foot hits the ground (anatomic causes) | -knee pain -short contralateral leg -knee or hip flexion contracture -weak quads: flexor synergy |
| Initial Contact (Early Stance): Hyperextended knee; knee hyperextends as weight is transferred to leg (orthotic cause) | -genu recurvatum inadequately controlled by PF stop -excessive concave calf band -pes equinus (flexed toes) uncompensated by contralateral shoe lift -inadequate knee lock |
| Initial Contact (Early Stance): Hyperextended knee; knee hyperextends as weight is transferred to leg (anatomic cause) | -weak quads -lax knee ligaments -extensor synergy -pes equinus -short contralateral leg -contralateral knee or hip flexion contracture |
| Initial Contact (Early Stance): Forward trunk lean; patient leans forward as legs accepts weight (orthotic cause) | -inadequate knee locks |
| Initial Contact (Early Stance): Forward trunk lean; patient leans forward as legs accepts weight (anatomic cause) | -compensation for quad weakness -hip and knee flexion contractures |
| Initial Contact (Early Stance): Backward trunk lean; patient leans backward as leg accepts weight (orthotic cause) | -inadequate hip lock -inadequate knee lock |
| Initial Contact (Early Stance): Backward trunk lean; patient leans backward as leg accepts weight (anatomic cause) | -weakness of the gluteus maximus on the stance leg -knee ankylosis (fusion of knee bones) |
| Initial Contact (Early Stance): Lateral trunk lean; patient leans toward stance leg with weight (orthotic cause) | -excessive height of medial upright of KAFO -excessive ABDuction of hip joint of HKAFO -insufficient shoe lift -requires walking aid |
| Initial Contact (Early Stance): Lateral trunk lean; patient leans toward stance leg with weight (anatomic cause) | -weak gluteus medius -ABDuction contracture -dislocated hip -hip pain -poor balance -short leg |
| Initial Contact (Early Stance): Wide walking base; heel centers more than 10cm (4") apart (orthotic cause) | -excessive height of medial upright of KAFO -excessive ABDuction of hip joint of HKAFO -insufficient shoe lift -cane, knee lock |
| Initial Contact (Early Stance): Wide walking base; heel centers more than 10cm (4") apart (anatomic cause) | -ABDuction contracture -poor balance -short contralateral leg -requires waking aid |
| Initial Contact (Early Stance): Internal (external) rotation of limb (orthotic cause) | -uprights incorrectly aligned in transverse plane -requires orthotic control (rotation control straps, pelvic band) |
| Initial Contact (Early Stance): Internal (external) rotation of limb (anatomic cause) | -internal (external) hip rotators spastic -external (internal) hip rotators weak -antetorsion (forward hip) -retroversion (backward hip) -weak quads: external rotation |
| Late Stance: Inadequate transition; delayed or absent transfer of weight over the forefoot (orthotic cause) | -PF stop -inadequate DF stop |
| Late Stance: Inadequate transition; delayed or absent transfer of weight over the forefoot (anatomic cause) | -weak PF -Achilles tendon sprain or rupture -pes calcaneus -forefoot pain |
| Swing: Toe drag; toes maintain contact with ground (orthotic causes) | -inadequate DF assist -inadequate PF stop |
| Swing: Toe drag; toes maintain contact with ground (anatomic causes) | -weak DF -PF Spasticity -weak hip flexors |
| Swing: Circumduction: leg swings outward in a semicircular arc (orthotic cause) | -knee lock -inadequate DF assist -inadequate PF stop |
| Swing: Circumduction: leg swings outward in a semicircular arc (anatomic cause) | -Extensor -Extensor synergy -knee or ankle ankylosis -weak DF -pes equinus |
| Swing: Hip Hiking: leg elevated at pelvis to enable the limb to swing forward (orthotic cause) | -knee lock -inadequate DF assist -inadequate PF stop |
| Swing: Hip Hiking: leg elevated at pelvis to enable the limb to swing forward (anatomic cause) | -short contralateral leg -contralateral knee or hip flexion contracture -weak hip flexors -extensor synergy -knee or ankle ankylosis -weak DF |
| Swing: Vaulting: exaggerated PF of the contralateral leg to enable the limb to swing forward (orthotic cause) | -knee lock -inadequate DF assist -inadequate PF stop |
| Swing: Vaulting: exaggerated PF of the contralateral leg to enable the limb to swing forward (anatomic cause) | -weak hip flexors -extensor spasticity -pes equinus -short contralateral leg -contralateral knee or hip flexion contracture -knee or ankle ankylosis -weak DF |
Created by:
jen_p99
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