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8th-American Revol.,
Mr. Stickler's Social Studies class (Pgs. 146 - 160).
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| "Law forbidding English colonists to settle west of the Appalachian Mountains. Was enacted after Pontiac's War." | Proclamation of 1763. (pgs. 144 & 145) |
| What was the name of the war between the British and several Native American tribes in the Ohio Country that started in 1763? | Pontiac's War. It was named for the Ottawa chief who had fought with the French during the French & Indian War. He captured & lost British forts in the Ohio country. (Pgs. 146 & 147.) |
| Who was George Grenville? | He was the British prime minister in 1763 who enacted the Sugar Act of 1764. This Act lowered the tax on molasses. Colonists disregarded this and bribed tax collectors to keep smuggling it in from other countries. (Pg. 148.) |
| What was the Stamp Act of 1765? | Legislation proposed by George Grenville. Passed in 1765. Created a new tax on all paper goods including: newspapers, diplomas, letters, envelopes, marriage licenses, wills, playing cards, almanacs, & dice. Printers used a skull & crossbones instead. |
| What was the purpose of the Stamp Act Congress of 1765 (October)? | To gather representatives from all Colonies to unite against the Stamp Tax. They signed petitions & sent them to King George III & organized a boycott of British goods. The protests led to repeal of the Stamp Tax in 1766. (Pgs. 149 & 150) |
| What items did the Townshend Acts tax? Why is it important to know about these taxes? | Townshend Act taxed glass, paper, paint, lead, and tea. It's important to remember the Townshend Acts because the Colonists used the same argument as with the Stamp Act: Parliament can't tax the Colonies without their consent. (Pg. 150) |
| What are Writs of Assistance? | These were legal documents that allowed British customs agents to board ships & inspect their contents without giving a reason. (Pg. 150) |
| What did Sam Adams do to help the cause of Revolution? | Sam Adams was a frequent attendee of the Sons of Liberty meetings. He was very good at organizing people and events for Colonial protest. He also wasn't afraid to speak out with his unique ideas about government and freedom. (Pgs. 151 & 156 - box) |
| Why did the Sons of Liberty form? | The group formed to protest British tax policies. The organized public protests where they hung and burned effigies of local tax officials to scare them out of office. They hoped to scare them so they wouldn't collect unpopular taxes. (Pgs. 150 & 151) |
| Who was Mercy Otis Warren and what was her contribution to the American Revolution? | Mercy Otis Warren was James Otis' sister (James was assaulted by British troops suffering brain damage) and writer. She wrote popular plays that ridiculed British officers. These plays united Colonists against Britain. (Pg. 152) |
| What was the outcome of the Boston Massacre? | British soldiers shot 5 people, killing 2. The soldiers were tried in court and acquitted (John Adams defended them). Worst punishment = hand branding. (Pgs. 152 & 153) |
| Who organized committees of correspondence? What was their purpose? | Samuel Adams organized the committees. Their purpose was to have members write letters and pamphlets that reported Massachusetts events to other Colonies. This became a tool of protest. (Pg. 153) |
| Who was the African American sailor who was killed during the Boston Massacre? | Crispus Attucks was killed at the Boston Massacre. Some have said he may have been an escaped slave. (Pg. 152) |
| What were the economic consequences of the Tea Act of 1773 that angered Bostonians? | 1.) The actual price of tea went down; 2.) American tea merchants lost business to the British East India Company; 3.) Colonists boycotted the tea and drank "Liberty Tea" instead (made from raspberry leaves). (Pg. 156) |
| Which British tea company did Parliament help with their financial problems in the 1770's? | Parliament tried to help the British East India Company. They let them sell tea directly to Colonists instead of tea merchants ("middle men"). Created the Tea Act of 1773 to implement this plan. (Pg. 156) |
| What events triggered the Boston Tea Party? | 1.) The governor ordered tea be unloaded at Boston harbor; 2.) Bostonians responded by asking the governor to force the ships to leave; 3.) Sons of Liberty members left a Sons of Liberty meeting and dumped the ship's tea into the harbor. (Pgs. 156 & 157) |
| What four things did King George III do that the Colonists labeled the Intolerable Acts? | 1.) Boston's port closed; 2.) Only 1 town meetings in Boston per year; 3.) Customs officers tried in Britain or Canada versus Mass.; 4.) British soldiers stay in Colonist's homes & feed them ("Quartering Act"). (Pg. 158) |
| What contribution did the Daughters of Liberty make to the Revolutionary cause? | They protested using parades, petitions, & boycotts of British cloth. They also joined with Sons of Liberty to threaten merchants who kept buying British goods. (Pg. 151) |
| Why did Indian tribes stop fighting during Pontiac's War? | The French, whose support the Indians counted on, reported they had signed the Treaty of Paris & were leaving North America. Without French support, the tribes withdrew & stopped fighting. (Pg. 147) |
| What was one MAJOR result of Pontiac's War? | The British were worried about more clashes with Indians on the frontier. Because of this, they issued the Proclamation of 1763, (no settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains). Settlers already over the line were to leave the area at once. (Pg. 147) |
| Why did the Quebec Act anger Colonists? | Because some Colonies had land claims in the areas awarded to the French in Quebec. (Included landing between Ohio & Missouri Rivers.) (Pg. 158) |
| Who was Charles Townshend? | He was the British lord of the exchequer in the Colonies. He took over after George Grenville became a member of Parliament. (Pg. 150) |
| What is one advantage of having a militia versus an Army of enlistees? | A militia is not constrained by all the rules & regulations that a "regular" Army has. If an emergency arises, they can be called to a fight quickly. (Pg. 158) |
| What is one disadvantage of having a militia versus an Army of enlistees? | A militia is made up of volunteers who do not have to show up when a battle is coming. If they do show up, they bring weapons that they have, which are nothing compared to what a "regular" Army has. (Pg. 158 + notes) |
| Which Virginia assemblyman suggested a day be set aside to "mark the shame of the Intolerable Acts"? Why is this important? | Thomas Jefferson suggested Virginia mark the shameful Intolerable Acts. This is important because it marked the beginning of support for Massachusetts' sufferings by ALL the Colonies. (Pg. 158 + notes) |
| What did the First Continental Congress accomplish? When was the Congress held? | The First Continental Congress passed a resolution to officially support Massachusetts against the British. They agreed to boycott British goods until Intolerable Acts repealed & Colonies urged to form & train militias. (Pg. 158) |
| Who was General Thomas Gage? | Gen. Thomas Gage was the British commander whose troops were involved in battles with Colonists at Lexington & Concord. (Pg. 159) |
| What was the goal of the British at Lexington & Concord? | The British wanted to confiscate Colonial arms stashes they were told had been hidden at Concord (18 miles from Boston). (Pg. 159) |
| What was the name of Massachusetts volunteer soldiers who stockpiled weapons and gunpowder after the Intolerable Acts were passed? | Massachusetts volunteer soldiers were known as "Minutemen". This was because they could be ready at a moment's notice. (Pg. 159) |
| How did Paul Revere contribute to Colonial protests of the Boston Massacre? | Paul Revere created a famous engraving of the Boston Massacre that showed British soldiers firing on unarmed Colonists. (Pg. 152) |
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