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Ch 7-8th Grade Sci
Question | Answer |
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Crust | The thin and solid outermost layer of the Earth above the mantle |
Mantle | The layer of rock between the Earth's crust and core |
Core | The central part of the Earth below the mantle |
Lithosphere | The solid, outer layer of the Earth that consists of the crust and the rigid upper part of the mantle |
Asthenosphere | The soft layer of the mantle on which the tectonic plates move |
Mesosphere | The strong, lower part of the mantle between the asthenosphere and the outer core |
Tectonic Plate | A block of lithosphere that consists of the crust and the rigid, outermost part of the mantle |
Continental Drift | The hypothesis that states that the continents once formed a single landmass, broke up, and drifted to their present locations |
Sea-Floor Spreading | The process by which new oceanic lithosphere forms as magma rises toward the surface and solidifies |
Plate Tectonics | The theory that explains how large pieces of the Earth's outermost layer, called tectonic plates, move and change shape |
Convergent Boundary | The boundary formed by the collision of two lithospheric plates |
Divergent Boundary | The boundary between two tectonic plates that are moving away from each other |
Transform Boundary | The boundary between tectonic plates that are sliding past each other horizontally |
Compression | Stress that occurs when forces act to squeeze an object |
Tension | Stress that occurs when forces act to stretch an object |
Folding | The bending of rock layers due to stress |
Fault | A break in a body of rock along which one block slides relative to another |
Uplift | The rising of regions of the Earth's crust to higher elevations |
Subsidence | The sinking of regions of the Earth's crust to lower elevations |