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Stack #496743
Antimicrobial Therapies
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the two main functions of Micro Lab? | Diagnostic and Therapeutic |
| What does the diagnostic function of the micro lab entail? | detection, isolation and identification of etiologic agents |
| What does the therapeutic function of the micro lab entail? | antimicrobial susceptibility testing as guide to appropriate therapy |
| What is the fundamental principle of antimicrobial therapy? | selective toxicity |
| What is an optimal agent? | one with narrowest spectrum of activity, fewest side effects, and lowest toxicity. |
| How is the optimal agent administered? | in dosage and schedule that will achieve a level at the site of infection equal to, or several times greater than, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) |
| In reference to the individual patient, what must the Physician take into consideration? | site of infection, age, status of kidney and liver function, pregnancy, hypersensitivity, Idiosyncracy, and drug interactions |
| What are the disavdantages of improper use of antimicrobials? | Toxicity, drug resistance, alteration of indigenous flora, hypersensitivity |
| What are the purposes for antimicrobial suspectibility testing? | Initiation of appropriate therapy, modification of existing therapy, and determination of susceptibility patterns in local environment |
| What are the two methods of antimicrobial susceptibility testing? | Broth dilution and agar diffusion |
| Broth dilutions yield what value to be reported? | MIC value |
| Agar diffusions yield what value to be reported? | SIR value |
| What is an antibiogram? | a species’ susceptibility pattern; useful as guide to empirical therapy |
| Broth dilutions must contain what two controls? | Sterility control and growth control |
| In the broth dilution, how is the MIC determines? | The MIC is that last tube without turbidity |
| What does MIC stand for? | Minimum Inhibitory Concentration |
| What are the advantages of using a microtiter plate? | easier handling, low volumes of reagent and microbe, convenience,and automated reading |
| How is a microtiter plate read? | As inhibition of growth |
| On a microtiter plate, a button in the well indicates what? | growth |
| What method is commonly used in agar diffusion susceptibility testing? | Kirby-Bauer |
| What is the agar used in Kirby-Bauer? | Mueller-Hinton agar |
| How many drugs can be tested at once on a Mueller-Hinton plate using the Kirby-Bauer method? | 12 |
| In the agar diffusion method, what does a larger zone of inhibition correlate to? | Higher susceptibility to the drug |
| A result of ~6 mm for a zone of inhibition would correlate to what? | Resistance to the drug |
| In the broth dilution technique, no turbidity in the tube means what? | no growth |
| What are the 3 susceptibility test panels? | Panel for GP and GN isolants Panel for specific species Example: P. aeruginosa Panel for urinary or CSF isolants |
| In the SIR interpretation, how does S correlate with the MIC value | S (susceptible) = MIC < therapeutic concentration; expected to respond to agent at usual dosage and schedule |
| In the SIR interpretation, how does R correlate with the MIC value | R (resistant) = MIC > achievable level by usual dosage and schedule |
| In the SIR interpretation, how does I correlate with the MIC value | I (intermediate) = MIC ≥ expected level at site of infection by usual dosage and schedule; may respond to high dosage |
| When should the plate used for Kirby-Bauer be measured? | After 16-18 hours of incubation |
| What size are the MH agar plates? | 150 mm |
Created by:
Tabi84
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