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science freshman
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| has a definite volume and shape | solid |
| definite volume and indefinite shape | liquid |
| indefinite shape and volume | gas |
| a fixed amount of gas at a constant temperature, the volume of the gas increased as the gas' pressure decreases. likewise the volume of the gas decreases as the gas' pressure increases | Boyle's law |
| The pressure of a gas increases as the temperature increases, if the volume of the gas does not change. The pressure decreases a the temperature decreases. | Gay-Lussac's law |
| For a fixed amount of gas at a constant pressure, the volume of the gas increases as the gas' temperature increases. Likewise, the volume of the gas decreases as the gas' temperature decreases. | Charles' law |
| the expand to fill their containers, the spread out easily, the mix with one another, low density, easy to compress | behaviors of gases |
| solid to gas. energy is added | sublimation |
| gas to liquid. energy is released | condensation |
| liquid to gas. energy is added | evaporation |
| liquid to solid. energy is released | freezing |
| solid to liquid. energy is added. | melting |
| what do the changes of state require. if it is added, the particles will move faster, and if it is removed, the particles move slower. | ENERGY |
| able to separate back into separate mixtures | physical property |
| not able to separate back into separate mixtures | chemical property |
| Matter is made of atoms and molecules. Atoms and molecules act like tiny particles that are always in motion | Kinetic theory |
| the most common state of matter in the UNIVERSE. 99% of all known matter (sun stars) | plasma |
| the buoyant force on an object is a fluid on an upward force equals to the weight of the fluid that the object displaces. the greater the buoyant force, the more it will float | Archimede's principle |
| if the pressure in a container is increased at any point, the pressure increases at all points by the same amount. | pascal's principle |
| as the speed of a moving fluid increases, the pressure of the moving fluid decreases | Bernoulli's principle |
| a liquid's resistance to flow. the stronger the attraction between a liquid's particles is, the more _______ the liquid is. | viscosity/viscous |
| the amount of force exerted per unit area of a surface | pressure |
| components are evenly distributed. the mixture is the same throughout. | homogeneous mixtures |
| the substances is this are not evenly distributed. | heterogeneous mixtures |
| able to be mixed | miscible liquids |
| not able to be mixed together | immiscible liquids |
| a matter that has a fixed composition and definite properties | pure substances |
| a combination of substances that are not chemically combined | mixtures |
| a group of atoms that are held together by chemical forces; a _______is the smallest unit of matter that can exist by itself and retain all of the substance's chemical properties. | molecules |
| the smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical properties of that element | atoms |
| a substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substances by chemical means | elements |
| a substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds | compounds |
| shape and mass are examples some other ones are color, volume, and texture. | physical properties |
| this describes how a substance changes into a new substance, either by combining with other elements or by breaking apart into new substances. | chemical properties |
| the measure of average kinetic energy. is not determined by how much of a substance you have . the more kinetic energy the higher this is | temperature |
| total kinetic energy of a substance's atoms | thermal energy |
| Energy may change form during a chemical/physical change, but the total amount of energy remains the same. | law of conservation of energy |
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