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Viruses & Bacteria
Virus & Bacteria vocabulary
Question | Answer |
---|---|
host cell | living cell in which a virus can actively multiply or in which a virus can hide until activated by environmental stimuli |
virus | a strand of hereditary material surrounded by a protein coating |
aerobe | any organism that uses oxygen for respiration |
anaerobe | any organism that is able to live without oxygen |
antibiotic | chemicals produced by some bacteria that are used to limit the growth of other bacteria |
endospore | thick-walled, protective structure produced by some bacteria when conditions are unfavorable for survival |
fission | simplest form of asexual reproduction in which two new cells are produed with genetic material identical to each other and identical to the previous cell |
flagella/flagellum | long, thin whiplike structure that helps organisms move through moist or wet surroundings |
nitrogen-fixing bacteria | bacteria that convert nitrogen in the air into forms that can be used by plants and animals |
pathogen | disease-producing organism |
saprophyte | organism that uses dead organisms as a food source and helps recycle nutrients so they are available for use by other organisms |
toxin | poisonous substance produced by some pathogens |
vaccine | preparation made from killed bacteria or damaged particles from bacterial cell walls or viruses that can prevent some bacterial and viral diseases |