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AP Human Geo Ch.2
AP Human Geography vocab Chapter 2, Rubenstein
Question | Answer |
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Agricultural Revolution | The time when human beings first domesticated plants and animals and no longer relied entirely on hunting and gathering. |
Census | A complete enumeration of a population. |
Demographic Transition | The proxess of change in a society's population from a condition of high crude birth and death rates and low rate of natural increase to a condition of low crude birth and death rates, low rate of natural increase, and a higher total population. |
Ecumene | the portion of Earth's surface occupied by permanent human settlement. |
Industrial Revolution | A series of improvements in industrial technology that transformed the process of manufacturing gods. |
Medical Revolution | Medical Technology invented in Europe and North America is diffused to the poorer countries of Latin America, Asia, and Africa. Improved medical practices have eliminated many of the traditional deaths |
Pandemic | Disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a very high proportion of the population. |
TFR | Total Fertility rate - The average number of children a woman will have throughout her childbearing years |
Doubling Time | The number of years needed to double a population, assuming a constant rate of natural increase |
CBR | Crude Birth Rate - The total Number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society. |
Demography | the scientific study of population characteristics |
Epidemiological Transition | Distinctive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition. |
IMR | Infant Mortality Rate - The total number of deaths in a year among infants under 1 year old for every 1,000 live births. |
NIR | Natural Increase Rate - The percentage growth of a population in a year, computed as the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate. |
Population Pyramid | a bar graph representing the distribution of population by age and sex. |
ZPG | Zero Population Growth - A decline of the total fertility rate to the point where the natural increase rate equals zero. |
CDR | Crude Death Rate - The Total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society. |
Dependency Ratio | The number of people under the age of 15 and over age 64, compared to the number of people active in the labor force. |
Epidemiology | branch of medical science concerned with the incidence, distribution, and powerful one in order to create an ethnically homogeneous region. |
Life Expectancy | The average number of years an individual can be expected to live, given current social, economic, and medical conditions. Life expectancy at birth is the average number of years a newborn infant can expect to live |
Overpopulation | The number of people in an area exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living. |
Sex Ratio | Number of males per 100 females in a population. |