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Sociology
Study Sociology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Systematic study of human society. | Sociology |
| Any relatively stable pattern of social behavior. Parts of society (Education, Politics, Religion, Criminal Justice, Traffic lights, etc.) makes up the... | Social Structure |
| The consequences of a social pattern for the operation of society as a whole. Manifest/ Latent Jobs of the parts of society makes ups the... | Social Function |
| Came up with Manefest and Latent functions of society. American Sociologist. | Robert Merton |
| Obvious function. First thing that comes to mind about structure. | Manifest |
| Not so obvious function. Not so easily recognized. | Latent |
| Any social pattern that may disrupt the operation of society. | Social Dysfunction |
| Theory that sees society as an area of inequality that generates conflict. (Macro) | Social Conflict Approach |
| Name some factors that may influence conflict. | Class, religion, race, gender, age, politics etc. |
| Thinkers of the Social Conflict Approach. | Karl Marx and Max Weber |
| Social Conflict Approach: Focuses on inequality and conflict between women and men. Linked to Feminism. | Gender Conflict Approach |
| The study of human/animal culture. | Anthropology |
| When did sociology begin? | The Industrial Revolution |
| Where was the first sociology class created? | Yale and John Hopkins |
| Who had the 1st formal sociology department? | The University of Chicago |
| What makes sociology different from other sciences? | Emotions make A+B(USUALLY)=C, so we wont always have exact answers to problems in society. |
| What are the three topics of study in sociology? | Small groups, large groups, and social issues |
| What are some examples of small groups sociologists study? | Families, relationships, clubs |
| What are some examples of large groups sociologists study? | Organizations and institutions |
| What are some social issues sociologists study? | Sexual orientation, race, religions, gender, taxes, politics, crime, sexual activity, abortion, poverty...etc. |
| What are the three events that transformed society? | The Industrial Revolution, Growth of Cities, and Politics |
| What are some characteristics of the Pre-Industrial Revolution? | Rural-Farming life, families were close, large families, grew or made everything, sold or traded for things you wanted |
| What are some inventions of the Pre-Industrial Revolution? | Steam Engine, Factories and Mills |
| What are some of the advancements that came with the growth of cities? | Feudal Estate System, Wealthy landowners and tenants, Enclosure Movement, People moved from farms to cities |
| What is the Feudal Estate System? | When people traded wool to make clothes |
| What is the Enclosure Movement? | When Farmland becamed fenced off to be private property. |
| What were some social problems with growing cities? | Lack of living space, Disease, Sanitation problems, Polution, Crime |
| What happened during the French Revolution? | The traditional way of life was gone and there was a broader way of thinking |
| Who were the four main sociological thinkers? | August Comte, Karl Marx, Emile Durkheim, and Max Weber |
| French Sociologist. Coined the term "Sociology". Created Positivism. Broke societies into three stages: Theological, Metaphysical, and Scientific | August Comte |
| German Economist. Significant impact on society: "Economic factors influence social life beliefs and thoughts are products of the time workers lost control over their work." | Karl Marx |
| French Sociologist. Focused on social order. "Scientific study provides social order." Studied suicide and social integration. | Emile Durkheim |
| German Sociologist. Most profound impact on sociology. Created the principle of Verstehen. | Max Weber |
| What are society's 3 stages? | Theological, Metaphysical, Scientific |
| Stage of sociology: Beginning of human time. Behavior and beliefs should reflect God's will. Very strict and traditional. | Theological |
| Stage of sociology: Renaissance. No longer focused on God's will or devine intervention. Society was the result of selfish human nature. | Metaphysical |
| Stage of sociology: Copernicus, Galileo, and Newton changed society. Positivism came about. | Scientific |
| Applying scientific methods to the study of sociology. | Positivism |
| Whether someone feels accepted or regected in society. One's level or status in society. | Social Integration |
| What are the four types of suicide? | Egoistic, Altruistic, Anomic, Fatalistic |
| Type of Suicide: Low degree of integration (rejected). Depression. High risk of suicide. | Egoistic |
| Type of Suicide: Strong social integration which causes one to focus on societies needs more than own. Less chance of suicide. Feels committing suicide is a duty: Kamikaze pilots, military soldiers. | Altruistic |
| Type of Suicide: Desires are limitless-thus many disappointments. High risk of suicide. Cannot handle stress of disruption. (Ex. Stock market crash, Great depression) | Anomic |
| Type of Suicide: Belief that life is only getting worse. Feels there is no other choice. | Fatalistic |
| Who coined the phrase "Sociological Perspective"? | Peter Berger |
| Who renamed the phrase "Sociological Perspective"-"Sociological Imagination"? | C.Wright Mills |
| What are the four different ways of looking at human behavior within a society? | Seeing the general in the particular, Seeing the strange in the familiar, Seeing society in our everyday choices, Seeing sociologically:Marginality and Crisis |
| Explain what seeing the general in the particular means. | Seeing the general pattern of behavior of particular people. (Ex. College students- Study, go to class, party, take notes etc.) |
| Explain what seeing the familiar in the strange means. | Nothing bizzare. Giving up what you are used to or you like to do to satisfy society. |
| What are two situations that help us apply the sociological perspective? | Living on the Margins and Living through Crisis. |
| Different ways of looking at human behavior within society. | Sociological Perspective |
| What are some types of people who we would consider to be living on the margins? | Nerds, Athiests, Criminals, Homeless, Racists, Elderly, Disabled, Homosexual, Immigrants, etc. (outcasts) |
| How does living through a crisis affect society? | Ex.911 made airport security better, we are nervous when a middle easterner is on the plane, some people wont fly anymore. |
| What is the greek word which the word "theory" derived from? | Theoria |
| A statement of how and why specific facts are related. | Theory |
| Explains social behaviors as it relates to the real world. | Sociological Theory |
| A basic image of society that guides thinking and research. | Theoretical Approach |
| Theory that sees society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability. Parts+Jobs= a whole society (Macro) | Structural Functional Approach |
| Theory sees society as the product of the everyday interactions of an individual. Society=People interaction (Micro) | Symbolic Interaction Approach |
| What are the three sociological approaches? | Structural Functional, Social Conflict, and Symbolic Interaction |
| Looking at the "big picture". Viewing society as a whole. | Macro |
| Viewing individual parts of society. "Looking From the Street Level" | Micro |
| What are the three thinkers of the Structural Functional Approach? | August Comte, Emile Durkheim, and Herbert Spencer |
| Sociological Approach: Society is stable. Each part has a function. Each function works together, creating a working whole. | Structural Functional |
| Compared the Structural Functional Approach to our bodies and the way our organs work. | Herbert Spencer |
| Sociological Approach: There is a conflict between the dominant and the disadvantaged. Factors that influence conflict are race, class, gender, age, politics, religion etc. Social factors help some and hinder others. | Social Conflict Approach |
| What are the two main approaches of Social Conflict? | Gender Conflict Approach, Race Conflict Approach |
| Social Conflict Approach:Focuses on inequality and conflicts between race and ethnic categories. Stresses contributes to the sociology by people of color. | Race Conflict Approach |
| Two thinkers of Gender Conflict Approach. | Jane Addams, Harriet Martineau |
| Helped immigrant families. Won the Nobel Peace Prize. Feminist. | Jane Addams |
| First Woman Sociologist. Worked against slavery and abuse of factory workers. Fought for education for women. | Harriet Martineau |
| Two thinkers of the Race Conflict Approach. | Ida Wells Barnett, William Burghardt DuBois |
| Born to slave parents. Became a teacher and journalist. Fought to end lynching and for racial equality. | Ida Wells Barnett |
| First black to get a PhD. Helped found the NAACP. | William Burghardt Dubois |
| Sociological Approach: Society is simply peole interacting. People construct reality by those of symbols. The meaning of symbols determine how we interact. Symbol->Meaning-> Behavior | Symbolic Interaction Approach |
| Two thinkers of the Symbolic Interaction Approach. | Max Weber, George Herbert Mead |
| Believes that social experiences develop our personality. | George Herbert Mead |
| We understand the meaning behind a symbol, we gain thoughts and feelings for that symbol, this influences our actions and behaviors when we see the symbol. | Principal of Verstehen (Max Weber) |
| The study of social interaction in terms of theatrical performances. | Dramaturgical Analysis |
| Came up with the term "Dramaturgical Analysis". Says that in different situations, we play different roles. Front Stage and Backstage. | Erving Goffman |
| How we act in Public. | Front Stage |
| How we act in Private. | Back Stage |
| "All the world's a stage. All the men and women are players. They all have their exits and entrances. Each man in his time plays many parts." Who quoted this? | William Shakespeare |
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rj138299
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