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Ancient India
History SOL review
| Definition | Term |
|---|---|
| A seasonal wind that usually brings rain during the summer and dry air during the winter. | Monsoon |
| Hindu concept that the sum of good and bad in a person's life will determine his or her status in the next life | Karma |
| AKA: Jati system; a Hindu social class system that controlled every aspect of daily life | Caste |
| A large landmass that juts out from a continent, such as India | Subcontinent |
| A religion native to India, featuring belief in many gods and reincarnation; goal is moksha | Hinduism |
| A religion founded by Buddha, believers follow the Eight Fold Path and the Four Noble Truths, goal is nirvana | Buddhism |
| Becoming liberated from the cycle of reincarnation in Hinduism. | Moksha |
| Grouping of people based on rank or status. | Social classes |
| union with the universe and release from cycle of rebirth in Buddhism | Nirvana |
| In Hinduism and Buddhism, the process by which a soul is reborn continuously until it achieves perfect understanding | Reincarnation |
| Ruler of the Mauryan Empire in India; converted to Buddhism and helped spread that religion | Asoka |
| Golden Age of India; advancements in art, literature, math, science, medicine | Gupta Empire |
| Ancient India formed around this body of water | Indus River |
| Hindu religious texts | Vedas and Upanashids |
| Invaders from central Asia; crossed into India through the Khyber Pass | Aryans |
| Founder of Buddhism who meditated under a bodhi tree and achieved nirvana | Siddhartha Guatema |
| Two cities in the Indus River Valley | Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro |
| These mountains separate India from China and were a physical barrier that helped keep invaders out of the Indus Civilization | Himalayas |
| In addition to the Indus River, these are other important rivers in the Indus Civilization | Ganges and Brahmputra |
| What religion influenced Indian society & culture and is still practiced in India today? | Hinduism |
| Indian religion that believes in many forms of one god? | Hinduism |
| 2 Important Hindu beliefs | - reincarnation - karma |
| Definition of reincarnation? | rebirth based upon karma |
| What is "knowledge that all thoughts and actions result in future consequences" called? | Karma |
| Two sacred writings of Hinduism? | Vedas and Upanashids |
| How did Hinduism spread? | Along trade routes. |
| Religion founded by Siddhartha Gautama? | Buddhism |
| Geographic location of the founding of Buddhism? | a part of India that is in present-day Nepal |
| His missionaries spread Buddhism throughout Asia? | Asoka |
| Buddha means "Enlightened One". What was his real name? | Siddhartha Gautama |
| 2 Important Buddhist beliefs | - Four Noble Truths - Eightfold Path to Enlightenment |
| Buddhist Belief System: All of life is suffering. Suffering is caused by unhealthy desire. To get rid of suffering, get rid of unhealthy desires. To do this, follow 8 steps. | Four Noble Truths |
| Buddhist belief that in order to live correctly, you must monitor the following things: Right view, Right intention, Right speech, Right action, Right livelihood, Right effort Right mindfulness, Right concentration | Eightfold Path to Enlightenment |
| Asoka's missionaries and their writings spread Buddhism along this path. | India to China to rest of Asia |
| What empire was built on earlier Central Asian & Mesopotamian civilizations that became the largest in the world? | Persia |
| Persian form of government? | imperial bureaucracy |
| What did Persians use to rule such a large empire? | An elaborate road system, often called the Royal Road. |
| How did Persian treat the people they conquered? | They were tolerant. They allowed people to keep their religion, language and customs. |
| What was the main Persian religion? | Zoroastrinism |
| What was the key Zoroastrian belief? | Two opposing forces in the universe (Good and evil) |
| Name the 2 most important rivers in the Indian subcontinent | Indus and Ganges river |
| What were the two classical Indian civilization river valleys? | Indus River valley and Ganges river valley |
| Name the two Indus River Valley cities/ civilizations | Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro; both cities had excellent city planning and sewage/sanitation. Both were on the Indus River. |
| Three physical barriers to invasion in Ancient India? | Himalayas Mountains, the Hindu Kush Mountains & the Indian Ocean |
| Mountain passes in what range of mountains provided migration routes into the Indian subcontinent? | The Kyhber Pass in the Hindu Kush Mountains |
| What group created a structured society or caste system when they migrated into Ancient India ? | Indo-Aryans. Sometimes written just as Aryans. |
| What empire & leader was responsible for the political unification of much of India? | Mauryan Empire-Asoka |
| Under the Mauryan Empire, this religion spread... | Buddhism |
| 4 Contributions of the Mauryan Empire? | - free hospitals - veterinary clinics - good roads -spread of Buddhism by Asoka's missionaries |
| Considered to be the Golden Age of classical Indian culture | Gupta Empire |
| 5 Contributions of the Gupta Empire | - mathematics (zero) - medical advances (set bones) - astronomy (earth round) - new textiles - literature |
| Mathermatics concept from the Gupta Empire? | 0 zero |
| Medical advance from the Gupta Empire? | setting bones |
| Astronomy concept from the Gupta Empire? | round earth |
Created by:
hadleyf
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