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Absolutism

Everything you need to know about the Kings and Queens of Europw

TermDefinition
Absolutism A system of government in which a king or a queen has all of the power and makes all of the decisions.
Divine Right The idea that God chose the king was and the king represented “god on earth”.
Monarch Another word for a king.
Subjects The people that live in a kingdom and must follow the laws set by the king. They believe that the king is a god and listen to him.
Phillip II (2nd) The absolute monarch from Spain who cared about spreading Christianity to his subjects.
Louis XIV (14th) The absolute monarch from France who cared about his own wealth and glory. The Sun King considered to be the model of absolute monarchs; controlled all aspects of government, and demonstrated his power and wealth with his palace of Versailles.
Frederick the Great The absolute monarch from Prussia who cared about having a strong military.
Peter the Great The absolute monarch from Russia who cared about modernizing Russia and helping his people. 1672-1725 – Russian Tsar. He enthusiastically introduced Western languages and technologies to the Russian elite, moving the capital from Moscow to the new city of St. Petersburg. He westernized and modernized Russia.
Maria Theresa of Austria The absolute monarch from Austria who proved that women could be both queens and mothers.
Revolution An attempt by the subjects to get rid of their king and create a new type of government.
The Enlightenment The academic movement that argued people could use reason to make their own decision without a king.
Hapsburgs Phillip II of Spain was from this very powerful Austrian family. Strongest family in Europe during the 1500s-1600s.
Bourbons Important French Royal Family.
Edict of Nantes Granted the Huguenots (French Protestants) religious freedoms in France after a long period of persecution.
Window to the West Capital of St. Petersburg, which was created by Peter the Great.
Catherine the Great An enlightened despot who ruled over Russia. She is responsible for many positive changes in Russia, as well as securing the country a warm water port.
Enlightened Despots Absolute rulers who used his or her power to bring about political and social change. Ruled in order to help her subjects.
Romanov The Royal Family of Russia.
Absolute Exception Rulers of England during the Age of Absolutism. English monarchs' power was limited by the Magna Carta and Parliament.
Magna Carta 1215 – Document that listed the rights of English citizens and limited the power of the English monarch. Rights included trial by jury, no taxation without representation, protection of the law, and Habeas Corpus.
Limited Monarchy A system of government that emerged in England in which the monarch was made to share power with an elected Parliament.
Magna Carta, Petition of Right, and English Bill of Rights Three documents that limited the power of the English Monarchy after the English Civil War and the Glorious Revolution.
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