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8th Matter & Energy

TermDefinition
mixtures can be separated by physical methods; substances within a mixture retain their individual physical properties
homogeneous mixtures uniform in composition and properties; also known as solutions
heterogeneous mixtures a mixture with a non-uniform composition
elements pure substances made of only one type of atom; cannot be broken down into a simpler type of matter by physical or chemical means
compounds pure substances that are formed from two or more different types of elements that have been combined chemically in fixed proportions (fixed ratio)
acids aqueous solutions with a pH <7; stronger the acid the lower the number; feel rough
bases aqueous solutions with a pH >7; greater the number the stronger the base; feel slippery
elements substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical reactions; classified in a periodic table of elements
periodic table of elements (PT) organized table of chemical elements; allows the whole world to have a common language as reference for elements
chemical symbol represent elements on the periodic table; can be 1 or 2 letters 1st letter is ALWAYS CAPITAL, if 2nd letter it is always lowercase
chemical formulas the chemical symbols of the atoms of the elements present in the compound
subscripts small numbers after an element that tell the number of atoms of that element present; cannot be changed without changing the actual compound
Law of Conservation of Mass Mass is NEVER created NOR destroyed and Mass can only be rearranged
chemical reactions are represented by chemical equations
reactant substance present before the chemical change occurs
product substance produced as a result of the chemical change
coefficients used to represent more than 1 element or compound; if changed do NOT change the actual compound; used to balance a chemical equation
Created by: NEISDSci
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