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Unit 12 Vocabulaary
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Term | Definition |
---|---|
John Wilkes Booth | Southerner that assassinated President Lincoln at Ford's Theatre |
13th Amendment | Officially abolished slavery in the United States of America |
14th Amendment | Defined citizenship and guaranteed equal protection under the law for African Americans |
15th Amendment | Gave African American men the right to vote |
Ten Percent Plan | The name of Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction, it was lenient and made it easy for the southern states to rejoin the Union |
Andrew Johnson | Democrat from Tennessee; he was Lincoln's vice-president and became president after his assassination. |
Andrew Johnson | His plan for Reconstruction was too lenient, encouraged states to pass black codes; vetoed legislation passed by Congress |
Radical Republicans | Group of Congressmen whose Reconstruction plan was too harsh on the South; they also impeached Andrew Johnson |
Black Codes | laws passed by individual states to limit the rights and freedoms of African Americans. |
Military Reconstruction Act | Law passed by Congress that divided the southern states into five military districts until they ratified the 14th and 15th Amendments. |
Freedmen's Bureau | Government agency that was created to help newly freedmen and poor whites with jobs, medical care, and education. |
Poll Tax | State law that requires citizens to pay a fee before they are able to vote |
Tenure of Office Act | Law passed by Congress and vetoed by Andrew Johnson that said he had to get Congress' permission to fire any member. |
Impeachment | to formally charge the president with crime; a trial is then held in the Senate |
Freedmen | Slaves that had been fired by the 13th Amendment |
Segregation | The separation of blacks and whites in public places like bathrooms and schools |
Jim Crow Laws | Laws passed by the southern states that enforced the segregation of public places |
William Brownlow | Republican governor of Tennessee during Reconstruction, he was very hard on southerners that fought and served with the Confederacy; also owned his own newspaper |
Vigliante | A person that takes justice into their own hands and punishes others without a trial or due process |
Carpetbaggers | Northerners that moved South to help out with or profit from Reconstruction |
Scalawags | A southerner that were Republicans during the Reconstruction, often targets of violence |
Compromise of 1877 | Agreement that officially ended Reconstruction |
Compromise of 1877 | Deal made between Democrats and Republicans in which Rutherford B Hayes was made president in exchange for Union troops being removed from Southern States |
Rutherford B Hayes | Republican president that officially ended Reconstruction in 1877 |
Reconstruction | Time period 1865-1877 following in which the South was rebuilt politically, economically, and socially |