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AnatomyT3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| acetylcholine (ACh) | neurotransmitter that binds at a motor end-plate to trigger depolarizationactin |
| actin | protein that makes up most of the thin myofilaments in a sarcomere muscle fiber |
| action potential | change in voltage of a cell membrane in response to a stimulus that results in transmission of an electrical signal; unique to neurons and muscle fibers |
| contractility | ability to shorten (contract) forcibly |
| elasticity | ability to stretch and rebound |
| endomysium | loose, and well-hydrated connective tissue covering each muscle fiber in a skeletal muscle |
| epimysium | outer layer of connective tissue around a skeletal muscle |
| excitability | ability to undergo neural stimulation |
| fascicle | bundle of muscle fibers within a skeletal muscle |
| motor end-plate | sarcolemma of muscle fiber at the neuromuscular junction, with receptors for the neurotransmitter acetylcholine |
| motor unit | motor neuron and the group of muscle fibers it innervates |
| myosin | protein that makes up most of the thick cylindrical myofilament within a sarcomere muscle fiber |
| myofibril | long, cylindrical organelle that runs parallel within the muscle fiber and contains the sarcomeres |
| neuromuscular junction (NMJ) | synapse between the axon terminal of a motor neuron and the section of the membrane of a muscle fiber with receptors for the acetylcholine released by the terminal neurotransmitter signaling chemical released |
| perimysium | connective tissue that bundles skeletal muscle fibers into fascicles within a skeletal muscle |
| power stroke | action of myosin pulling actin inward (toward the M line) |
| skeletal muscle | striated, multinucleated muscle that requires signaling from the nervous system to trigger contraction; most skeletal muscles are referred to as voluntary muscles that move bones and produce movement |
| synaptic cleft | space between a nerve (axon) terminal and a motor end-plate |
| What do skeletal muscles contain? | connective tissue, blood vessels, nerves |
| What are the three layers of connective tissue? | epimysium, perimysium, endomysium |
| How are skeletal muscle fibers organized? | fascicles |
| How can muscles attach to bones? | directly or through tendons/aponeuroses |
| What all do skeletal muscles do? | (1) maintain posture (2) stabilize bones/joints (3) control internal movement (4) generate heat |
| How would you describe skeletal muscle fibers? | long, multinucleated cells |
| What are muscle fibers composed of? | myofibrils |
| What causes striations in a muscle cell? | organization of actin and myosin |
| What is the smallest contractile portion of a muscle? | sacromere |
| What are myofibrils composed of? | thick (myosin) and thin (actin) filaments |
| What does the sliding filament model of contraction explain? | muscle contraction |
| What binds at the NMJ to trigger depoliarization | ACh (acetylcholine) |
| What travels along the sarcolemma? | action potential |
| What does the action potential trigger? | calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) |
| The cross-bridging of myosin getting to actin-binding sites if followed by what? | the power stroke |
| What is the power stroke? | sliding of thin filaments by thick filaments |
| What powers the power stroke? | ATP |
| What is a single contraction called? | twitch |
| What does increasing the number of motor neurons involved do? | increases the amount of motor units activated |
| What gives energy for muscle contraction? | ATP |
Created by:
haileyjordan
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