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8th grade Science

Evolutionary History Critical Juncture

QuestionAnswer
The fossil turtle and the living hawk both have a structure in their neck called the atlas bone. What best explains why both species have an atlas bone? The turtle and hawk both share the same ancestor population that had an atlas bone. They inherited this structure from the ancestor population.
The red kangaroo has long femur bones that help it jump very far. The alpine newt has short femur bones that help it swim. What most likely explains why both have back limbs with a femur and why the femur bones are different? The red kangaroo and alpine newt both inherited femur bones from a shared ancestor population, but this population separated into different environments. In each environment, different types of femur bone evolved, which helped the populations survive.
The ctenophore, the sea cucumber, and the cuttlefish have similarities and differences in their body structures. What does the information about these structures tell you about the ancestors of these species? All three species share an ancestor population, but the sea cucumber and the cuttlefish share a more recent ancestor population. This is why they share the intestine structure.
The fossil pterodactyl and the living elephant both have a bone in their hip called the ilium. What best explains why both species have an ilium? The pterodactyl and elephant both share the same ancestor population that had an ilium bone. They inherited this structure from the ancestor population.
The duck and the moose both have metatarsals bones but the duck has webbed feet and the moose has feet with hooves. What most likely explains why both the duck and moose have feet with metatarsals and why the feet are different? The duck and moose both inherited metatarsals from a shared ancestor population, but this population separated into different environments. In each environment, different types of feet with metatarsals evolved, which helped the populations survive.
The blue tang, the tortoise, and the Brazilian rainbow boa have similarities and differences in their body structures. What does the information about these structures tell you about the ancestors of these species? All three species share an ancestor population, but tortoises and Brazilian rainbow boas share a more recent ancestor population. This is why they share the quadrate bone structure.
The fossil trilobite and the living blue crab both have a limb structure called a biramous limb. What best explains why both species have biramous limbs? The trilobite and blue crab both share the same ancestor population that had a biramous limb. They inherited this structure from the ancestor population.
European moles have small eyes to see better in darkness and Sumatran tigers have large eyes that can see prey from far away. What most likely explains why both European moles and Sumatran tigers have eyes and why their eyes are different? The European mole and Sumatran tiger both inherited eyes from a shared ancestor population, but this population separated into different environments. In each environment, different eye types evolved, which helped the populations survive.
The echidna, the capuchin, and the bottlenose dolphin have similarities and differences in their body structures. What does the information about these structures tell you about the ancestors of these species? All three species share an ancestor population, but capuchins and bottlenose dolphins share a more recent ancestor population. This is why neither has the cervical rib structure.
The octopus and the fossil ammonite both have a body structure in their mouths called a radula. The radula is a structure used for eating. What best explains why both species have a radula? The octopus and ammonite both share the same ancestor population that had a radula. They inherited this structure from the ancestor population.
The albatross and the mole both have phalanges (finger bones). The albatross has long fingers to support its long wings during flight. The mole has short, thick fingers to dig in the dirt. What explains why both have phalanges and why are they different? The albatross and mole both inherited phalanges from a shared ancestor population, but this population separated into different environments. In each environment, different types of phalanges evolved, which helped the populations survive.
The Roman snail, the cuttlefish, and the mussel have similarities and differences in their body structures. What does the information about these structures tell you about the ancestors of these species? All three species share an ancestor population, but Roman snails and cuttlefish share a more recent ancestor population. This is why they share the radula structure.
Created by: kbieber2023
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