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Intro to the MA
Intro to the Middle Ages
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Middle Ages | Also known as the medieval period, the time between the collapse of the Roman Empire in the fifth century AD and the beginning of the Renaissance in the fourteenth century. |
| Franks | People of Roman province of Gaul; a Germanic people ruled by a king named Clovis |
| Monastery | A religious community of men (called monks) who have given up their possessions to devote themselves to a life of prayer & worship |
| Charlemagne | 800 AD crowned by the Pope as the head of the Holy Roman Empire, which extended from northern Spain to western Germany and northern Italy. |
| Lord | A medieval landowner |
| Fief | An estate granted by a lord to a vassal in exchange for service and loyalty |
| Feudalism | The political system of the Middle Ages |
| Vassal | Person receiving the fief who promises to protect and serve the lord giving it |
| Knight | Mounted horsemen who pledged loyalty to and promised to defend their lords/lords land |
| Serf | Peasant who worked the land. They were bound to the land, could not be bought or sold. They were born serfs. What they produced on the land belonged to the lord |
| Manor | The Lord's estate. The economic system of the Middle Ages. It included everything - the Manor house, the farms, the church, the pastures, etc |
| Tithe | A church tax paid by the serfs to the priest |
| Monastery | Communities of monks |
| Secular | Non-religious |
| Noble | Person of high rank who worked for the Lord |
| Barbarian | Member of a community or tribe not belonging to one of the great civilizations (Greece, Rome) |
| Three reasons for Fall of Rome | Political instability, economic and social problems, and a weakening of its frontiers or borders. |
| Rome had a huge army. Why was this bad for the people who were not on the army? | It was bad for them because they had to be taxed beyond their means and many times forced them into poverty. |
| Why were the borders of the Roman Empire difficult to defend? | The huge size of the country made it very difficult to defend. |
| Who invaded and stole from the Roman Empire? | The Germanic tribes were invading and stealing food and other goods from the empire |
| Why were peasants worse off under the feudal system than they had been before? | They had no hope of making a profit from their farmland |
| How did the feudal system protect a lord as well as his peasants? | The manor had everything needed to live, and was surrounded by those sworn to protect it. |
| Where did knights stand in the social hierarchy of a feudal system? | Below all nobles and above all peasants |
| How did the threat of invasion lead to the development of the manor system? | The manor system offered people protection |
| In a fiefdom, a peasant was expected to work the land and... | maintain the lord's estate. |
| What did peasants give their knights in return for the farmland? | Food, percentage of profits, or other forms of payment |
| What were the several buildings included in the manor? | A Large House or Castle 2. Pastures 3. Fields 4. Forests 5. A Village |
| What were the Lord's responsibilities to his manor? | Resolved disputes, determined punishments, and collected taxes |
| What were serfs not allowed to do without permission? | Leave their land |
Created by:
carleenjulian
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