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SUPERQUIZ 3
SuperQuiz Section 3, pp 22-31
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The Sun's energy passes through Earth's atmosphere mostly as what two types of rays? | light and infrared (heat) rays |
| Approximately what percentage of the Sun's radiation is in the form of visible light? | 41% |
| The splitting of the Sun's energy - some makes it to the ground, some is absorbed by the atmosphere, some is reflected - is known as what? | the Earth's "solar energy budget" |
| Approximately what percentage of the Sun's energy makes it all the way to the ground? | 52%, about half |
| Which of the following can reflect the Sun's energy back into space? A) clouds B) the atmosphere C) Earth's surface D) all of the above E) only A and B | D) all of the above |
| How long does it take sunlight to reach the Earth? | 8.3 minutes |
| What three gases in Earth's atmosphere are key in creating the "greenhouse effect" that warms our planet? | carbon dioxide, water vapor, and methane |
| What do scientists call the sun power that hits the ground? | insolation |
| What is the term for the measurement of the percentage of the Sun's energy that is reflected away by different surfaces? | albedo |
| Which of the following has the lowest albedo measurement? A) polar regions B) deserts C) green fields D) wheat fields E) tar roads | E) tar roads |
| Which of the following has the highest albedo measurement? A) polar regions B) deserts C) green fields D) wheat fields E) tar roads | A) polar regions |
| The process of gases in the atmosphere absorbing and re-radiating infrared heat waves from the sun and trapping warmth is known as what? | the "greenhouse effect" |
| What is the term for the measurement of how fast air molecules are moving? | temperature |
| What effect does heat have on air molecules? | it makes them move faster |
| On what part of Earth's surface do the rays from the Sun strike most directly? | along the equator |
| What place on Earth holds the record for the highest recorded temperature? | Death Valley, CA |
| How far above the ground is air temperature generally measured? | 4 feet |
| A temperature of 0 degrees Kelvin is also called what? | absolute zero |
| What is the lowest temperature anything can reach? | 0 degrees Kelvin or absolute zero |
| A box with ventilation slots that houses a thermometer for taking the air temperature is known as what? | a Stevenson screen |
| For every 330 feet in height, how much does air temperature typically decrease? | 1 degree Fahrenheit |
| In January 2020, what natural disaster helped make Sydney, Australia the hottest place on Earth at that time? | runaway brushfires |
| What are the three ways heat moves from a warm place to a cooler place? | conduction, convection, and advection |
| What type of heat movement is molecules passing on movement to neighbors with a direct, knock-on effect? | conduction |
| What type of heat movement is air rising and sinking? | convection |
| What type of heat movement is air moving sideways? | advection |
| What type of fog forms when warm and moist air is moved over a colder surface, such as a cool sea current? | advection fog |
| At what point during the night are temperatures the coolest? | just before dawn |
| Daily temperatures plotted on a graph have what shape? | S-shape |
| The highest daily temperatures occur around what time of day? | midafternoon |
| What name do scientists give to the Sun's curving path through the sky? | the "day arc" |
| Why does the Sun's power vary throughout the day? | because of the changing angle at which it hits the ground |
| At what point during the day is the Sun's power the strongest? | midday |
| The daily arc of the sun varies depending on how far you are from ________________________. | the equator |
| The sun's arc is highest and steepest in the __________ A) tropics B) poles C) temperate zone | A) tropics |
| Why does the blue light from the Sun get scattered more than the other colors in light? | it has much shorter waves than other colors |
| What causes the light from the Sun to scatter? | hitting the gases and particles in Earth's atmosphere |
| Why does the sky often turn red or orange at sunset? A) because the sun doesn't emit blue light at night B) because the sun's light has to travel through a lot more particles in the atmosphere due to its lower angle at night C) because the light with shorter waves has been entirely scattered away by the time it reaches your eyes at night D) both A and B E) both B and C | E) both B and C |
| What season is it in the northern hemisphere when it is tilted toward the sun? | summer |
| What regions on Earth are the only ones with four seasons? | temperate regions |
| What is the name for the two days each year when days and nights are of equal length? | the equinoxes |
| In what two months do the equinoxes occur? | March and September |
| Between what two limits is the tropical zone found? | The Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn |
| The northerly limit of where the Sun is directly overhead is known as what? | The Tropic of Cancer |
| The southerly limit of where the Sun is directly overhead is known as what? | The Tropic of Capricorn |
| What is the reason that the Earth's hot spots shift from north to south as it completes its journey around the sun? A) the temperate zone experiences four seasons B) the Earth is always tilted in the same direction C) the energy produced by the Sun varies throughout the year D) the Sun's energy is the strongest at the equator E) none of the above | B) the Earth is always tilted in the same direction |
| What is the cause of changing seasons on Earth? A) the Earth's tilt on its axis B) the distance of the Earth from the sun on its orbit C) the spring and autumn equinoxes D) the polar jet stream meandering E) all of the above | A) the Earth's tilt on its axis |
| What is the name for the longest day each year? | the summer solstice |
| On the summer solstice, the sun's path through the sky is at its ______________, bringing the longest day of the year. | highest |
| On the winter solstice, the sun's path through the sky is at its _______________, bringing the shortest day of the year. | lowest |
| When the northern hemisphere is tilted away from the sun, which hemisphere is experiencing summer? | the southern hemisphere |
| During the spring and autumn equinoxes, where on Earth are the day and night equally long? A) northern hemisphere B) southern hemisphere C) temperate zones D) the tropics E) all over the Earth | E) all over the Earth |
| What is the effect of warm temperatures in the Arctic on the jet stream? | they can make the jet stream swing wildly |
| What is the name of the river of superfast air that runs around the arctic, high in the atmosphere? | the jet stream |
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St Rita SD
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