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SOL Review 2024

Question	Answer
observation	Something that you can notice with one of your senses. The ball is red, the pan is hot, the egg smells like sulfur.
prediction	A statement about something happening in the future. It will rain later today, he will pass the SOL test.
motion	An objects speed and direction describe the objects:
friction	_______ is a force that opposes (works against) motion.
heat	Friction creates:
kinetic	Moving objects have ________ energy.
conductor	A __________ is a material that allows electricity to flow easily through it,
metals	Most ___________ are conductors because they allow electricity to flow easily through them.
insulator	A _________ is a material that does NOT allow electricity to flow easily through it.
insulators	Wood, plastic, and rubber are examples of ____________.
closed	A complete circuit that allows electrical current to flow
open	An incomplete circuit that does NOT allow electrical current to flow
static	When two objects rub against each other, negatively charged electrons build up and cause _________ electricity.
lightning	Ben Franklin discovered that _____________ was a form of static electricity in the atmosphere.
electrical	_____________ energy can be turned into heat, light, and kinetic energy.
electromagnet	Coiling (wrapping) a wire around a nail and running electrical current through the wire creates a(n):
magnetic field	A magnet has a __________ _________ that is strongest at the poles and weakest in the middle of the magnet.
attract	Opposite poles of a magnet will _______ each other.
repel	Similar (like) poles of a magnet ______ each other.
Faraday	This man worked with electromagnets and made the first electric motor
leaves	Where does the plant make its food?
roots	What part of the plant anchors it to the ground?
flower	What part of the plant is for reproduction?
fruit	On some plants, the flower turns into a:
stamen	The male part of the flower that produces the pollen
pistil	The female part of the flower
sepals	The green leaflets that protect the flower before it opens
spores	Ferns, mosses, and fungi don't make seeds, they make:
carbon dioxide	During photosynthesis, plants need ________ _______ from the atmosphere.
oxygen	During photosynthesis, plants release ___________ into the atmosphere.
sugar	During photosynthesis, plants create ________ for the plant to use.
dormancy	In the fall, when plants drop their leaves they enter a period of rest called:
behavioral	Birds flying south for the winter and a porcupine curling into a ball are examples of a _____________ adaptation.
structural	A ducks webbed feet and a penguins high body fat are __________ adaptations.
population	All of the deer in an area would be an example of a:
community	All of the living things in an area would be an example of a:
ecosystem	All of the living and non-living things in an area would be an example of an:
producer	A food chain always starts with a plant which is a :
consumer	A food chain always has a predator at the top which is a:
decomposer	A food chain always ends with a fungus or some other:
habitat	A __________ is where an organism lives and gets its food, shelter, and space.
niche	An organisms ____________ is where it is most comfortable. It is where an organism lives, what it eats, and what eats it.
barometer	A ____________ is a weather instrument that measures air pressure.
anemometer	A ___________ is a weather instrument that measures wind speed.
rain gauge	A ______ ______ is a weather instrument that measures precipitation.
thermometer	A __________ is a weather instrument that measures temperature.
cirrus	High-thin wispy clouds
cumulus	Puffy white (cotton ball) clouds
stratus	Thick grey blanket clouds
cumulonimbus	Tall, dark clouds that are storm clouds
hurricane	A __________ is a strong circular storm that starts over warm ocean water.
rotation	To spin on its axis
revolution	To make one trip around something
revolves	The Earth ____________ around the sun.
rotates	The Earth ___________ on its axis.
seasons	The tilt of the Earth on its axis causes the :
waxing	As we see more and more of the moon, we say it is:
waning	As we see less and less of the moon, we say it is:
month	The moon goes through all of its phases about once a:
sun	The diameter of the __________ is about 110 times the diameter of the Earth.
moon	The diameter of the ___________ is about 1/4 the diameter of the Earth.
yellow	The Sun is a medium sized _________ star.
Galileo	Copernicus and ______________ correctly believed that the Sun was the center of the solar system.
Aristotle	Ptolemy and ____________ incorrectly believed that the Earth was the center of the solar system.
watershed	All of the land drained by a river is called the
Holston	HOT TOMATOES ON MY GRILL is a way to remember our watershed address. H stands for
coal	Lumber and ___________ are important natural resources in Virginia.
sepals	The small leaves that form around the developing flower are the:
Thomas Edison	Who invented the light bulb:
The roots	Which plant part takes in water and nutrients?
The stem	Which part supports the plant and allows the movement of water and nutrients?
the leaves	Which plant part makes food for the plant?
pistil	The seed forms in the female reproductive part of the flower called the
stamen	Pollen forms on the ends of the male reproductive parts of the flower called the:
pollination	Pollen is transferred from the stamen to the pistil in a process called:
spores	Most plants reproduce with seeds, but ferns and mosses reproduce with:
photosynthesis	Green plants produce their own food in a process called:
water, nutrients, sunlight, carbon dioxide (from the air) and chlorophyll	To produce food, green plants use:
chlorophyll	Plants are green because of:
dormancy	Many plants enter a period of ______ in the winter, which is similar to hibernation for animals. During this period most of their normal activities stop.
habitat	An organism's _____ provides food, water, shelter and space.
sun	All energy comes from _____ , and then cycles through the food webs to all of the animals in the community.
plants	_______ get energy directly from the sun and use it to make food.
producers	Because plants produce their own food, they are called ___________ .
consumers	Organisms that get their energy from eating plants or other animals are called:
food web	All of the interrelated food chains in an ecosystem make up a:
plant	Food chains and food webs always start with a:
decomposer	The food chain starts with a producer (a plant) and ends with a:
ecosystem	All of the living and nonliving things in an environment make up an:
adaptations	All organisms have _________ that allow them to survive in its environment
migration, hibernation, instincts, etc	Behavioral adaptations are things that organisms do to survive. Examples of behavioral adaptations are:
temperature	The measure of the amount of heat energy in the atmosphere is:
humidity	The amount of moisture in the air is:
air pressure	The weight of the air causes:
air masses	Air circulates around the Earth in big chunks called:
a few drops	A milliliter of liquid is:
1 liter	One thousand milliliters equals:
quart	A liter is close in volume to a:
balance	An instrument used to measure mass is a:
1 gram	The mass of a paperclip or a sheet of paper is about:
1 kilogram	The mass of a book could be about:
fingernail	A centimeter is about as long as your:
kinetic	Objects in motion have ______ energy.
stored	Potential energy is ________ energy.
potential energy	Due to the pull of gravity, the higher an object is off the ground, the more ____________ it has.
friction	Two objects rubbing together create:
heat	Friction resists or stops motion, and creates:
closed circuit	Which will light a bulb, an open or closed circuit?
conductors.	Electrical energy moves easily through materials that are:
metal	Wires are usually made from ____ because it conducts electricity well.
insulators	Material like rubber, plastic and wood do not conduct electricity well. They are:
electromagnet	If you wrap wire around a nail and run electricity through the wire, you have created an:
static electricity	If you rub your feet on the carpet, or rub a balloon on a wool sweater, you may create:
electrons	Static electricity occurs when negatively charged _____ are rubbed off of one surface and on to another.
static electricity	Benjamin Franklin learned that lightning was a form of electricity. What kind of electricity?
rainy weather ahead.	A falling barometer often means:
Cumulonimbus	What kind of cloud brings stormy weather, thunderstorms, and sometimes even tornadoes?
cumulus clouds	Puffy white clouds that look like cotton balls are:
cirrus clouds	High, thin, wispy clouds are:
stratus cloud	Which cloud forms a gray blanket over the sky, often bringing steady rain or drizzle?
barometer	This instrument measures air pressure is a:
anemometer	This instrument measures wind speed:
hygrometer	This instrument measures moisture in the air:
rain gauge	This instrument measures precipitation:
eight	Earth is one of ____ planets that revolve around the sun.
third	Earth is the ______ planet from the sun.
rocky inner planets	Venus, Mercury, Earth and Mars are the :
water and an oxygen rich atmosphere	What does the Earth have that allows it to support life?
It blocks out most of the sun's damaging rays.	How does the Earth's atmosphere protect the Earth?
the Earth	Ancient Greeks like Aristotle and Ptolemy believed _________ was the center of our solar system, and the planets and the sun revolved around us.
sun	Copernicus and Galileo tried to convince the world that ________ was actually the center of the solar system, and all of the planets revolve around it, and not around the Earth.
moon	The NASA Apollo missions sent astronauts to the ______ .
watershed	About half of Virginia is considered to be in the Chesapeake Bay ________ because the surface water and all of the materials it carries drain into the Chesapeake Bay.
forests	Much of Virginia is covered in ______, an important natural resource for Virginia.
coal	An important energy resource mined in the southwestern part of Virginia is ________ .
reproduction, it makes the seed	What is the role of the flower?
Wherever there was a flower	Where do you find fruits on a plant?
My Very Excellent Mother Just Served Us Nachos	How do we remember the order of the planets?
Aristotle & Ptolemy	Who incorrectly believed that the Earth was the center of the solar system?
carbon dioxide	What gas do plants need for photosynthesis?
Oxygen	What gas to plants release during photosynthesis?
quantitative	This type of measurement will include some kind of number (quantity)
qualitative	The type of measurement will include some kind of description (quality)
constants	In an experiment, the scientist will make sure some things don't change. These are called:
independent variable	In an experiment, the thing the scientist changes on purpose is called the:
dependent variable	In an experiment, the thing that changes or is measured is the:
frequency	A sound wave with MANY waves (short wavelengths) has a high:
volume	A sound wave with a HIGH amplitude will have a high:
vibrate	In order for sound to occur, something must:
vacuum	Sound cannot occur in a place with NO matter. This is a:
compression	Sound travels in a __________________ wave.
solids	Because of the way molecules are packed, sound travels fastest through:
gases	Because of the way molecules are packed, sound travels slowest through:
echolocation	Some animals like bats and dolphins use a type of sonar called:
sonar	Humans use _________ to bounce sound waves off the ocean floor.
red	Which color of visible light has the longest wavelength?
violet	Which color of visible light has the shortest wavelength?
refracted	A pencil in a glass of water looks broken because the light waves are being bent or :
reflect	Mirrors are smooth and shiny so they __________ light.
opaque	A material, like a brick wall, that does not allow any light to pass through is
translucent	A material, like wax paper, that allows some light through but not all is:
transparent	A material, like glass, that allows all light through is:
mixtures	Salad and trail mix are combinations without chemical bonds, so they are:
solution	When something dissolves, a special mixture called a __________ is formed.
dissolved	Lemonade and saltwater are solutions because something has been:
heat	To change a substance from one state to another you must ADD or TAKE AWAY:
backbone	Vertebrates are animals with a :
invertebrates	___________ are animals, like insects and spiders, that do not have a backbone.
salinity	___________ describes the saltiness of the ocean.
continental shelf	Most life in the ocean is found above the _________ _______.
sunlight	There is abundant life above the continental shelf because _____ reaches to the bottom.
continental slope	he steep drop-off from the shelf to the abyssal plain is called the:
continental rise	The bump at the bottom of the continental slope is called the ____ ______. It is there because of underwater landslides.
abyssal plain	The ______ _______ is the deep, flat part of the ocean floor.
pressure	As you go deeper into the ocean, water _________ increases.
temperature	As you go deeper into ocean, light and water ___________ decreases.
Gulf Stream	The _______ ________ current is a warm water current that travels across the Atlantic Ocean.
currents	River-like movements of water in the ocean are called _______. They can be cold or warm depending on where they started.
rock cycle	The _____ ______ is the very slow process by which rocks are broken down and formed.
magma	Igneous rocks come from cooled ____________.
igneous	Granite, basalt, and pumice are all ___________ rocks.
fossil	Sedimentary rocks form in layers and might have a ____________ embedded in it.
oldest	The ________ fossil are always on the bottom layer of rock.
sedimentary	Sandstone and limestone are both _____________ rocks.
pressure	Metamorphic rocks are formed by heat and ___________.
metamorphic	Marble and slate are both _____________ rocks.
inner core	The innermost layer of the Earth is the:
solid	The inner core is made of _________ iron and nickel.
liquid	The outer core is made of ___________ iron and nickel.
mantle	The ___________ is just below the crust and is made up of melted (molten) rock.
crust	The _________ is the thin, rocky outer layer of the Earth.
apart	A divergent boundary is a place where two of Earth's plates are moving :
together	A convergent boundary is a place where two of Earth's plates are moving:
sliding past	A transform boundary is where two of Earth's plates are _________ ______ each other.
weathering	When rocks are broken down by water, wind, and gravity this is called:
erosion	When smaller rocks are washed away and moved by water and wind, this is called:

Created by: lkcasteel

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