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weather quiz
weather
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is low pressure? | A low pressure system has lower pressure at its center than the areas around it. |
| what is high pressure? | High-pressure systems, on the other hand, have more air pressure than their surroundings |
| what is an air mass? | An air mass is a large body of air with roughly the same temperature and humidity. |
| what is a cold front? | when a cold air mass replaces a warm air mass |
| what is a warm front? | when a warm air mass replaces a cold air mass |
| what is a stationary front? | when a warm air mass and a cold air mass meet, but neither replaces each other |
| what is water vapor? | when water heats up, it evaporates. water in it's gas state |
| what is humidity? | humidity is the amount of water vapor that is in the air |
| what is a land breeze? | a breeze that flows from land to sea |
| what is a sea breeze? | a breeze that flows from sea to land |
| thermometer | an instrument that measures temperature |
| anemometer | an instrument that measures wind speed |
| weather vane | an instrument that measures which direction the wind blows |
| barometer | An instrument that measures atmospheric pressure |
| rain gauge | An instrument that measures the amount of rain that falls |
| hygrometer | An instrument that measures the moisture in the air |
| what are the 4 categories of weather fronts? | cold front warm front stationary front occluded front |
| Explain why weather across the United States continually changes | Prevailing Westerlies move our weather because we live in East, and that’s the direction they move |
| where do you feel the most pressure? | low |
| where do you feel the least pressure? | higher |
| high pressure weather and symbol | weather: sunny, clear symbol: uppercase blue H |
| low pressure weather and symbol | weather: rainy, stormy symbol: uppercase red L |
| What causes wind? | The uneven heating of earth’s surface |
| How is wind measured? | With 2 instruments. There’s one called a weather vane that measures which direction the wind blows, and another called an anemometer that measures wind speed |
| Which conditions result in high winds? | Usually thunderstorms or rainy, gloomy weather. Sometimes severe |
| How do winds gets their names? | From the direction in which they blow or originate from |
| What direction do the winds in the U.S. mostly blow? | West, which means prevailing westerlies. |
| How is weather affected by El Nino? | wetter conditions than usual in the south and warmer and drier conditions in the North |
| How is weather affected by the Gulf Stream? | warmer winter and cooler summer |
| How is weather affected by the development of hurricanes? | Hurricanes: strong winds, storm surge flooding, and heavy rainfall that can lead to inland flooding, tornadoes, and rip currents. |
| How is weather affected by the Jet Stream? | changes in the wind and pressure at that level |
| What type of global winds have the greatest effect on our weather in North Carolina? | Prevailing westerlies |
| Rain | Rain is liquid precipitation: water falling from the sky. Raindrops fall to Earth when clouds become saturated, or filled, with water droplets. |
| Freezing Rain | when the layer of freezing air is so thin that the raindrops do not have enough time to freeze before reaching the ground. |
| Sleet | when snowflakes only partially melt |
| Snow | solid precipitation which occurs in a variety of minute ice crystals |
| how clouds are formed? | when water vapor condenses |
| Why do we have seasons? why do the northern and southern hemispheres have opposite seasons? | The earth's spin axis is tilted with respect to its orbital plane |
| Know the difference between weather and climate. | Whereas weather refers to short-term changes in the atmosphere, climate describes what the weather is like over a long period of time in a specific area. |
| Hurricane | a tropical storm with winds that have reached a constant speed of 74 miles per hour or more |
| Jet stream | relatively narrow bands of strong wind in the upper levels of the atmosphere, |
| Gulf stream | a warm and swift Atlantic Ocean current that follows the eastern coastline of the US and Canada before crossing the Atlantic Ocean towards Europe |
| Coriolis effect | the result of Earth's rotation on weather patterns and ocean current |
| Prevailing westerlies | prevailing winds from the west toward the east in the middle latitudes between 30 and 60 degrees latitude |
| cumulonimbus | heavy torrential downpours, hail storms, lightning and even tornadoes |
| wind | The movement of air |
| nimbo/nimbus | precipitation |
| nimbostratus | Continuous moderate rain or snow |
| Cirrus cloud | warm and clear |
| Cumulus cloud | Fair weather |
| Stratus cloud | Light precipitation |
| what type of weather comes with fog? | Humid, and drizzly |
| jet stream vs. gulf stream | The jet stream is a fast, narrow current of air flowing from west to east that encircles the globe (not to be confused with the Gulf Stream which is instead an ocean current of drifting seawater) |
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