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Y7 Norman Assessment
Feudal System and Norman Conquest
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Why did the Feudal system help William | The Feudal System helped William to control the population of England |
| How did the Feudal System work (1)? | William was at the top of the hierarchy and those below him (such as the Barons) swore an oath of loyalty ("fealty") to him , in exchange for land and lower taxes. |
| How did the Feudal System help William ? | The Feudal System helped William to gain the trust of his barons. |
| How did the Feudal System work further down the hierarchy ?(Knights and barons) | The Knights swore loyalty to the barons and served in the King's army for 40 days a year. They received smaller areas of land from the barons. |
| What about the bottom end of the hierarchy in the Feudal System ? | The peasants were at the bottom of the hierarchy and they worked on the land and provided food and taxes to the knights and the barons. |
| How else did William control England? | William controlled England through the Domesday Book. |
| What was the Domesday Book? | This allowed William to know how much everyone owned after his men visited 13,000 villages (Shires) over a year. This led to William being able to tax people the correct amount. |
| What was a disadvantage of the Domesday book? | The result of this was that people were afraid that William knew everything about them and led to him having more control. People felt threatened. |
| How long did Domesday Book take to complete? | Domesday Book took just over 1 year to complete. |
| What do you think most helped William control England after 1066? | The Feudal System and the Castles he had built. |
| What were William's problems when he became King ? | William faced rebellion in England from many of the Anglo-Saxons after the Battle of Hastings. William was French and the Anglo-Saxons did not want to be ruled by a Norman King. |
| How did William gain control at the beginning ? | William took control through the Harrying of the North . This was a harsh way of crushing the revolts - anyone who refused to comply was dealt with harshly - usually death |
| What was the Harrying of the North? | This was a series of military campaigns carried out by William the Conqueror and his men (Winter of 1069-70) William punished the innocent with the guilty.More than 100,000 people died of starvation as crops, herds and tools were burned to ashes. |
| What were Motte and Bailey castles? | These castles were made of wood and were introduced by the Normans. As many as 1000 of these were built all over England. |
| What were the features of a Motte and Bailey castle? | An earth mound (motte) with a tower or lookout (keep) on top, built next to a yard (bailey) . A bailey usually contained stables , a hall, workshops , a well and a chapel. This was all protected by a fence (palisade) and surrounded by a ditch. |
| What were the advantages of a Motte and Bailey castle? | They were built very close to each other so messages could be sent easily , they could be built very quickly -in 8 days, they could tax the local villagers to make lots of money, they stopped the English building an army to fight back, guarded by Knights |
| What were the disadvantages of a Motte and Bailey Castle? | Not very strong - they rotted quickly with the weather, they could catch fire easily, the space on top of the Motte (hill) was small and cramped, the wooden fence could be knocked down |
| What were the features of Stone Keep Castles? | A moat filled with water, a drawbridge, towers, arrow slits, murder holes and a Portcullis ( a metal grille ) that fortified the entrance. |
| What was the impact of William's Harrying of the North? | Death of up to 100.000 by starvation or freezing to death, Vikings in the north were removed immediately and replaced by Normans, people turned to cannibalism or selling themselves as slaves to get food to survive the Harrying . |
| How else did the Harrying of the North have an impact? | From 1071 there were no more rebellions in the north of England. Twenty years later, Yorkshire had still not recovered. The Domesday Book states that 60% of the area became a wasteland with 80,000 fewer people living there. |
| How else did the Harrying of the North have an impact? | Thousands of refugees left the North of England to flee the Norman attacks. |
| Explain the hierarchy of the Feudal System | King Nobles Knights Peasants |
| What other changes were made by the Normans? | Another change made by the Normans was changing some of the laws though there were no major changes. Changes were : hue and cry (meaning that the public would help stop a thief by shouting it out) |
| Give more examples of Norman law | William introduced the 'Murdrum' fine - money paid to the King if an Anglo-Saxon had killed a Norman and was not brought to justice. |
| How and why did William become King in the first place? | Edward the Confessor died in 1066 with no heir to the throne. This meant that 3 contenders - Harold Godwinson, Harald Hardrada and William Duke of Normandy. Harald Hardrada was killed at the Battle of Stamford Bridge. |
| Who won the Battle of Hastings ? | Harold Godwinson and his army were defeated by William and the Normans at the Battle of Hastings in 1066. |
Created by:
srudda
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