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Decade of Crisis
1850-1861
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Election of 1852 | Franklin Pierce (Dark horse candidate of democratic party won the boring election. |
| Fugitive slave law of 1850 | allowed southerners to go to the north and search and reclaim their escaped slaves in court. |
| Personal liberty laws | North's loop hole to the fugitive slave law, which forbade state officials from cooperating with federal officials who were returning fugitive slaves to the south. |
| Kansas-Nebraska Act | 1854. Douglas. Divided the Nebraska Territory into Kansas and Nebraska, allowing the two new states the right of popular sovereignty regarding whether they wanted to have slaves or not. This act repealed the Missouri compromise. |
| Bleeding Kansas | John Brown led an attack on a pro-slavery town in Kansas, turning Kansas into an armed camp, starting a fight between the northerners and southerners. It was like a mini civil war, with 200 deaths on this battleground. |
| Charles Sumner 1856 | A Senator who gave the "Crime against Kansas" Speech, demanding that Kansas be admitted as a free state. He had bad mouthed some souther southerners. As a result, Preston S. Brooks (south carolina's senator) beat up Sumner with a cane. |
| Nativism | Favoring native born people over immigrants. (usually because the immigrants took jobs at a lower pay, while the americans were trying to get higher wages. |
| know-nothing party | nativist americans in 1840s who later became known as the American Party. |
| Formation of the Modern Republican Party | This party was based entirely in the North in 1854, representing Free -Soilers, Whigs, and Anti-slavery Democrats. They ran James Buchanan in the 1856 election |
| Scott vs. Sandford | Dred Scott was a black man who sued for his independence because his owner had taken him to the north, and lived there. Scott lived in northern lands he should be free. The court (Taney) ruled against him because he was not a citizen so he coudn't sue. |
| Lincoln-Douglas Debates | Lincoln and Douglas ran against each other for the position of Senator Illinois. They gave speeches regarding the issue of slavery, which gained national attention. Douglas strongly believed in Popular Sovereignty. Douglas won the election. |
| Freeport Doctorine | Written by Douglas acknowledging the fact that slavery could not exist without laws to support it (laws dealing with runaways, trade) this got Douglas to win the senator election against Lincoln. |
| Harper's Ferry | John Brown led 18 people on an attack on that he hoped would encourage the blacks to revolt. this caused increase tensions between the north and south when Brown was hanged. |
| Lincoln Won the 1860 Presidential Election | He received only 40% of the popular vote, but won because the south was split between 2 candidates, causing secession as the the reaction from southern states, since no one voted for Lincoln. |
| Jefferson Davis | President of the Confederacy. South Carolina was the first to succeed from the union. |
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