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Greece Review 2023

QuestionAnswer
What do archaeologists do? THEY STUDY THE PAST BY LOOKING AT ARTIFACTS.
What do historians do? THEY STUDY THE PAST BY LOOKING AT WRITTEN SOURCES (DOCUMENTS).
Define polis. THIS IS THE GREEK WORD FOR CITY-STATE.
What is a monarchy? A GOVERNMENT IN WHICH THE POLITICAL POWER IS IN THE HANDS OF ONE PERSON (LIMITED BY LAW OR CUSTOM), USUALLY A KING.
What is an oligarchy? A GOVERNMENT IN WHICH POLITICAL POWER IS IN THE HANDS OF A SMALL GROUP OF PEOPLE.
What is a tyranny? A GOVERNMENT IN WHICH POLITICAL POWER IS IN THE HANDS OF ONE PERSON WHO IS NOT A LAWFUL KING.
What is a direct democracy? A GOVERNMENT IN WHICH THE CITIZENS DIRECTLY RUN THE GOVERNMENT.
What is a representative democracy? A GOVERNMENT IN WHICH THE CITIZENS ELECT REPRESENTATIVES TO RUN THE GOVERNMENT FOR THEM.
What was an assembly in Ancient Greece? A GROUP THAT THE GREEKS VOTED IN.
What kind of government did Sparta have? AN OLIGARCHY
How were laws made in Sparta? THE COUNCIL OF ELDERS SUGGESTED LAWS AND THE ASSEMBLY COULD EITHER APPROVE OR REJECT THE LAW.
What were Helots? SLAVES WHO PRODUCED SPARTA’S FOOD.
Describe the status of women in Sparta. ALTHOUGH WOMEN COULD NOT VOTE, THEY WERE HIGHLY RESPECTED AND RAN THE HOUSEHOLDS.
How were men educated in Sparta? THEY WERE TAKEN INTO MILITARY SCHOOLS AT AGE 7; TRAINED UNTIL 18 OR 20, AND SERVED IN THE ARMY AFTERWARDS.
How were Spartan women educated? THEY WERE TAUGHT TO FIGHT AND TO BE STRONG.
Describe the groups in Athenian society. 1. ATHENIAN CITIZENS—COULD VOTE, OWN LAND, SERVE IN GOVERNMENT AND THE ARMY. 2. METICS—RESIDENT NON-CITIZENS. OFTEN SKILLED LABOR OR MERCHANTS. 3. SLAVES—OFTEN WORKED IN THE HOUSEHOLDS OF CITIZENS.
What kind of government did Athens have? How did it work? IT HAD A DIRECT DEMOCRACY. THE ASSEMBLY DEBATED LAWS SUGGESTED BY THE COUNCIL OF 500 WHICH RAN THE DAY TO DAY BUSINESS.
Describe the status of women in Athens. FAIRLY LOW—THEY HAD TO STAY IN THE HOUSE UNLESS ACCOMPANIED BY A MALE RELATIVE. THEY RAN THE HOUSEHOLDS HOWEVER.
How were men educated in Athens? THEY WERE EDUCATED IN ACADEMICS—READING, WRITING, ARITHMETIC, MUSIC, WRESTLING. THEY BEGAN MILITARY TRAINING AT AGE 18 AND COULD LEARN PUBLIC SPEAKING THEN AS WELL IF THEY COULD AFFORD IT.
What political rights did women have in Athens and Sparta? ALTHOUGH WOMEN HAD MORE SOCIAL RIGHTS IN SPARTA THAN IN ATHENS, WOMEN HAD NO POLITICAL RIGHTS IN ATHENS OR SPARTA.
How common was slavery in Sparta? VERY COMMON. SLAVES PRODUCED THE FOOD FOR SPARTANS.
How common was slavery in Athens? VERY COMMON. MOST CITIZENS’ HOUSEHOLDS HAD AT LEAST ONE SLAVE.
What were the Persian Wars? Why were they important A SERIES OF WARS IN WHICH ATHENS AND SPARTA FOUGHT THE PERSIAN EMPIRE. THEY SAVED DEMOCRACY.
What was the Battle of Marathon? Why was it important? A BATTLE IN THE PERSIAN WARS IN WHICH ATHENS BEAT THE PERSIANS DESPITE BEING HEAVILY OUTNUMBERED.
Who was Leonidas? Why was he important? THE SPARTAN KING. HE LED THE GREEK FORCES AT THE BATTLE OF THERMOPYLAE.
What was the Battle of Thermopylae? Why was it important? BATTLE OF THE PERSIAN WARS IN WHICH 300 SPARTANS AND THEIR ALLIES DIED TO THE LAST MAN. THIS INSPIRED THE REST OF GREECE TO WIN THE PERSIAN WARS.
What was the phalanx? Why was it important? A TIGHTLY PACKED SHIELD WALL. THIS IS THE FORMATION THAT GREEKS FOUGHT IN.
What was the Peloponnesian War? Why was it important? WAR (REALLY, WARS) IN WHICH ATHENS AND SPARTA FOUGHT EACH OTHER.
Who won the Peloponnesian War? How? SPARTA—BY BUILDING A FLEET AND STARVING ATHENS.
Greek Art was especially concerned with what subject? THE HUMAN BODY.
What is the Parthenon? Why is it important? THE PARTHENON IS THE TEMPLE TO ATHENA IN ATHENS. IT IS THE MOST FAMOUS TEMPLE OF THE ANCIENT WORLD.
What is a pediment? THE TRIANGULAR PART OF A TEMPLE’S FRONT.
What are metopes? THE RATHER SQUARE-LIKE STRUCTURES BENEATH THE PEDIMENT. THEY OFTEN HAD SCULPTURES IN THEM.
What was a frieze? A BAND OF SCULPTURES IN THE PEDIMENT OR METOPES.
What are Doric columns? RATHER PLAIN BUT MASSIVE COLUMNS. THEY HAD A CAPITAL BUT OFTEN HAD NO BASE.
What are Ionic columns? OLUMNS WHICH WERE DECORATED WITH A SCROLL ON TOP. THEY USUALLY HAD A BASE AS WELL AS A CAPITAL.
What are Corinthian columns? COLUMNS WHICH WERE DECORATED WITH LEAVES LIKE AN ACANTHUS PLANT (OR PINEAPPLE LEAVES!) ON TOP. THEY USUALLY HAD A BASE AS WELL AS A CAPITAL.
What does “idealized” mean when we talk about Ancient Greek Art? THE GREEKS WOULD SHOW HOW THEY THOUGHT YOU SHOULD LOOK RATHER THAN HOW YOU DO LOOK.
What kind of scenes did Greek painting on pottery and vases often show MYTHS, LEGENDS, HEROES, THE ILLIAD AND ODYSSEY.
Created by: prewitt_c
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