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Respiratory System
Yoga Teacher Training
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Organs of the Respiratory System | Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, lungs |
| The function of the diaphragm | |
| What is the main function of the respiratory system? | Breathing |
| Is breathing voluntary or involuntary? | Involuntary |
| What does pulmonary mean? | Relates to the lungs - blood flow |
| What is respiration? 3 types | Gas exchange ( oxygen and carbon dioxide) Ext respiration: in the lungs via blood and is connected to outside the body (air) Int respiration: everywhere else in the body i.e. between tissues/cells & blood Cellular respiration: smallest level in the ce |
| Intercostal Muscles | Group of muscles located between the ribs 11 on either side = 22 pairs 11 internal and 11 external Play a vital role in the movement of the chest during breathing. Also protect the lungs along with rib cage |
| External Intercostal Muscles | Contraction of the external intercostal muscles lifts and expands the ribs |
| Internal Intercostal Muscles | Contraction of the internal intercostal muscles depresses the ribs and brings them closer together. |
| Ribs | 7 True Ribs attached to the sternum 8,9,10 false ribs do not directly connect to sternum 11 and 12 floating ribs are half the size of the others and do not reach the front of the body |
| Sternum - 3 parts | Manubrium - most superior portion of the sternum Body - the longest part of the sternum Xiphoid process - the most inferior and smallest part of the sternum |
| Breath in and out | Breath in: take in 21% oxygen and .04% carbon dioxide Breath out: expel 15% oxygen and 4% carbon dioxide |
| Boyles Law | Boyle's Law states that at constant temperature, the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to the pressure |
| The Diaphragm Part 1 | The chief breathing muscle. Thin and dome shaped ( like a parachute) Flexible Separates the chest cavity and abdomen Origins are found in the lumbar vertebrae of the spine and the inferior border of ribs and sternum. On contraction it flattens |
| The Diaphragm Part 2 | When relaxing the diaphragm domes again Air Flow due to pressure differences between the atmosphere and the gases inside the lungs. Air flows from a region with a higher pressure to a region with lower pressure. |
| The Diaphragm Part 3 | As the diaphragm contracts air is sucked in due to the internal pressure being lower on the inside compared to the higher pressure. As the diaphragm relaxes on exhalation the pressure is now greater on the inside than out the air is pushed out. |
| How does the body know how to breathe? Part 1 | Chemoreceptors in the brain, aorta and carotid (in the neck) arteries send messages to the respiratory centre which is located in medulla oblongata (part of the brain stem) that oxygen is low and carbon dioxide is high. |
| How does the body know how to breath? Part 2 | The brain sends messages to the diaphragm and the intercostals to contract - inhalation |
| How does the body know how to breath? Part 3 | When the lungs are full receptors in the diaphragm and intercostals will send messages to the brain which in turn will send messages back to the diaphragm and the external intercostals to relax and the internal intercostals to contract. |
Created by:
Niamh Scanlon
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